Evironmental science midterm

Which biome has the greatest diversity (plant and animal)

rainforest

Which biome typically has the least amount of rainfall each year?

Tundra

Which biome has the most consistent range of temperatures?tropical rainforest

Grazing animals and burrowing animals are common in

temperate grassland

Animals that feed on mosses, lichens, and other small plants are most likely found in the

Tundra

Grazing animals and other predators are common in

Savannah

Georgia is considered to be a part of what biome?

Temperate Broadleaf Forest

What animals would be commonly found in the desert?

Roadrunner (bird), scorpion, Gila Monster (lizard), and sidewinder (snake)

Which biome has the greatest range of temperatures on a daily basis?

desert

What animal would be commonly found in the rainforest?

grizzly bear

Polar Bear

Tundra

Poison Dart Frog

Tropical Rainforest

Sea gull

chaparral

Wildebeest

savannah

cardinal

temperate broadleaf forest

Savannah

dominated by grasses, warm most of the year

Chaparral

moderate summer temperatures, other seasons very mild

Taiga

long, cold winters and warm summer: mostly cone bearing trees

Temperate Grassland

cold, dry winters: hot, wet summers

Desert

sparse vegetation; mostly water storing plants

negative human impact

reasons

Temperate Coniferous Forest

logging

tundra

oil and mineral extraction

Savannah

poaching of exotic animals for pelts and sport

Temperate Grasslands

argiculature

Chaparral

fires

What are 3 of the regular waste products of Americans? Which do you think is most detrimental?

* plastic, paper, food

* Paper,.

* because we use so much of it. We cut down trees but don't replace them with more tress to grow.

What are 3 types of agriculture? Which do you think is the most beneficial and why?

* high input, commercial, substinence

What kind of fire has the most significant impact on the environment?

Crown fires, because it can be contained. This is making sure it does not spread and put all the way out after having the fire.

What country led the way in land conservation by establishing the first national park?

United States

What National Park was established?

Yellowstone National Park

What country is currently the best example of land conservation?

Costa Rica

Regarding Introduced (Invasive) Species, what is the rule of Tens?

1 in every 10 species survives.

Since its establishment in 1973, has the Endangered Species Act benefited or hurt the cause of protecting endangered species?

Yes, because many animals and plants have recovered. While it has become a bigger issue, we have also saved species.

What are 3 types of logging that we discussed in class? Which is the most harmful to the environment?

1. row stripping, selective logging, clear cutting

* Clear Cutting

* because we just go threw an area and cut down trees. This is taking away from animals and their habitats.

What are the 4 R's that humans can do to lessen the impact of waste production?

Reduce, reuse, recycle, refuse

Two things that humans can do to increase the yields of their crops?

pesticides and fertilizers

Choose one from above and explain why it might be a problem in our environment.

Pesticides, because it puts unhealthy things in our food that we eat, just so that the farmer can grow it faster and make more money,

What can we do to prevent this issue from being a problem?

* crop rotation, use only safe pesticides, use less

The U.S. Government gas established the Smokey the Bear campaign to help reduce forest fires. Why has it actually hurt our biomes?

Because natural fires happen for a reason, we should not try to put them out. Some of the rules are hurting population, not helping.

What is a biodiversity hotspot? This term is best applied to which biome?

Biodiversity is a place on earth (bio) that has a wide range of plants and animals (diversity). Rain forest because of it diversity, and supports large numbers of species only found there.

List a describe 3 ways that humans attempt to control introduced species.

1. Mechanical Prevention Removal - Seeing how fast they grow? 2. Enough food- What are they eating and how much? 3.One area- Trying to keep them contained to one area.

What causes deforestation

clear cutting, habitat loss, introduced species, urbanization, farming

What are 2 beneficial purposes of logging?

* paper, controlling how much is being taken away

What are 2 drawbacks from logging?

* loss of habitat, erosion runnoff

Provide 2 benefits of waste going into landfills

takes less time, cheap, land is reusable,

negatives of landfills

not controlled, too much space, soil erosion

Drawbacks of burningtakes longer

More expensive, contributes to land pollution

List 2 introduced species and negative impact they had on the place they invaded.

snake- ate too many insects, bull frog- ate too much of what other organisms also needed

List 3 animals that have recovered since being protected from extinction.

* Green Sea Turtle, american alligator, bald eagle

Which of the following biomes has the greatest diversity for both plants and animals?

estuary

Which of the following biomes has regular intervals of being covered with water, followed by times of being exposed to the air?

Intertidal Zone

Which of the following has the most consistent range of temperatures?

Coral Reef

Zooplankton are the most abundant animal-like creatures here, and feed on the phytoplankton and photosynthetic bacteria that are the most abundant plant-like creatures?

pelagic zone

Animals that can handle a wide range of saltiness are capable of surviving here?

estuaries

This biome rivals even the rainforest for animal diversity.

coral reef

Which of the following animals would not commonly be found in the wetlands?

dolphins

Which of the following animals would be commonly found in the benthic zone?

\-Skates/Stingrays, crustaceans, worms, bio-luminescent fish

Georgia has all the following biomes except?

coral reef

Which term refers to the part of the water has the distinctive change of temperatures due to depth.

Thermocline

Brown Trout

rivers/ streams

Flamingo

wetlands

Green Sea Turtle

intertidal zone

Killer Whale

pelagic zone

Lobster

benthic zone

Aphotic Zone

light does not penetrate well here

Marine

oceans and seas- high salinity

Freshwater

lakes and rivers- low salinity

Neritic/ littiral

shallow areas where you could touch while standing

photic zone

light readily available, near the surface

intertidal zone

recreational use, oil spills

rivers/streams

runoff from fertilizers (leads to algae blooms)

Lakes/Ponds

damming for irrigation, power

wetlands

draining and filling for urban development

coral reef

destruction by collectors for the aquarium trade, boating, over fishing

Fish numbers seem to be declining in recent decades. What has allowed fisherman to continue to catch fish at a high rate, even though their normal fisheries are depleted?

There is new technology where you can see fish on a radar, and nets are getting longer so they can catch the fish deeper.

List 3 methods that are currently used to catch large numbers of fish.

1. drift nets, long line fishing, bottom trawling

Which of these is the most detrimental to our water ecosystems, and why?

Bottom trawling, because they are weighted and destroy surface of ocean floor and are taking and killing animals they didn't want to catch.

Who is responsible for regulating the treatment of drinking water?

EPA (environmental protection agency)

What two ways is water treated to be suitable for drinking?

* remove the particles, chemical treatment

List 3 things that whales can provide for those that catch them.

1. Food, oil, blubber

What organization sought a worldwide ban on whaling?

IWC ( international whaling commission)

3 benefits of dams

1. Power generation, flood control, shipping

3 drawbacks of dams

* declining fisheries, noise pollution, risk of dam failure

There are many dangers involved in drilling for oil. Which do you believe has the greatest impact on the environment?

Explosions, because they release lots of oil which is killing all animals around the spill.

Why do you feel this way?

I feel that this is the greatest impact because of the amount of oil coming out. All of this oil will take time to get out, but also kill lots of animals if not all where it took place.

Watering your lawn is not very environmentally friendly practice. However, there are several things we can do to be more efficient and environmentally friendly. List 2 things that we can do;

* use rain barrels, water at night to prevent evaporation

4 sources of household water use

1. Toilets/ Waste, showers/baths, washing dishes, washing clothes

What are two common ways water waste is disposed?

* Sewer System, septic tank

Marine reserves are governmental approaches to protecting fish populations. List 2 pieces of evidence that seem to indicate they are beneficial to fisheries.

1. Increase in species diversity, increase in biomass

Provide one of the questions that the government must determine when creating the reserves.

Where do we create the reserves, what areas will benefit the most?

List 3 people groups that are still whaling at a relatively high rate.

* Norwegians, faroe islands, japanese

Choose one of these groups and explain why they are still whaling.

The Japanese, because they claim to be conducting scientific research. They say it needs to be killed because research requires whole body and deep tissue samples.

What are 2 reason why hydroelectric power is so attractive.

1. super cheap, reusable

What generally forms on the "upstream" side of dams?

reservior

Is this bad?

No. They can prevent floods from happening from a large rainfall. It is a great flood risk management system.

List 3 things that crude oil can be useful for.

1. Gasoline, asphalt, detergents and cleaning supplies

Is using crude oil as an energy source bad?

no