Psychosocial Exam 2 - schizophrenia and cognitive beliefs

2+ symptoms that last at least 1 month

persistence of how many symptoms to be dx with schizophrenia

1. hallucinations

2. delusions

3. disorganized speech

3 main symptoms for schizophrenia

1. symptoms impact function

2. persists at least 6 months

3. schizoaffective and mood disorders ruled out

4. symptoms not attributed to SUDs

5. if autistic, delusions and hallucinations are most prominent symptoms

5 criteria for DSM-V dx of schizophrenia

1. psychotic

2. negative

3. disorganized

4. affective

4 categories of symptoms for schizophrenia

hallucinations and delusions

psychotic symptoms

1. alogia

2. flat affect

3. avolition

4. anhedonia

5. attentional impairment

5 negative symptoms

alogia

limited speech

avolition

limited task initiation/completion

anhedonia

inability to express pleasure

disorganized speech, behavior, and inappropriate affect

disorganized symptoms

manic and depressive

affective symptoms

schizophrenia and mood disorder

MUST meet DSM-V criteria for both of these disorders for schizoaffective dx

multiple genes affected interactionally

genetic etiology of schizophrenia

oxygen deprivation

prenatal etiology of schizophrenia

enlargement of cerebral ventricles

neurobiological etiology of schizophrenia

drugs that increase dopamine can trigger disorder

dopamine etiology of schizophrenia

exposure to stress with biological predisposition

stress-diathesis model of schizophrenia

urban dwelling (social disconnect) and cannabis use (early and frequent)

2 environmental etiologies of schizophrenia

1. cognitive impairment

2. health and wellness

3. stigma and poverty

3 impacts on occupational performance for people with schizophrenia

1. problems with attention, memory, and EF skills (especially working memory)

2. lower cognition = lower safety awareness

cognitive impairment of people with schizophrenia

1. higher rates of morbidity and mortality

2. high cortisol deteriorates brain connections = low life expectancy

3. high rates of comorbidities

health and wellness areas impacted for person with schizophrenia

1. negative stereotypes

2. challenges sustaining work can lead to poverty

stigma and poverty for people with schizophrenia

interaction with

[education on/interaction with] schizophrenia patients is more effective

interviews and observations of occupations/cognitive skills

evaluations for schizophrenia

1. social skills training

2. supportive housing

3. sensory rooms

3 unique interventions for schizophrenia patients

core beliefs

deeper constructs that are absolute, influence surface thoughts

intermediate beliefs

beliefs influenced by culture

surface level beliefs

automatic thoughts that are more flexible

dynamic interactions

beliefs + behaviors = function

or

environment and personal factors are have high correlation to affect function

information processing

internal and external information will change our beliefs about ourselves

and

memories can create beliefs and trigger responses (thinking of birthday cake can make mouth water)

self-fulfilling prophecies

beliefs held to be true become reality (positive or negative)

social contexts/relationships

thoughts influence interactions and outcomes

development of beliefs

beliefs begin in childhood progress through life - attachment style influences this

1. depression

2. anxiety

3. eating disorders

4. SUDs

5. schizophrenia

MH disorders with cognitive impairments

1. self-efficacy gauge

2. CDRisc

3. COPE

4. Piers Harris

4 structured evals for cognition

1. COPM

2. Dysfunctional Thought Record

2 semi-structured evals for cognition

1. observations

2. informal questioning

2 unstructured evals for cognition

1. socratic questioning

2. thought records

3. TIC-TOC

4. self-talk affirmations

5. ABC approach

6. activity scheduling

7. mastery experiences

8. social modeling

8 interventions for people with cognitive impairments