Earth's Internal and External Forces - Relief Overview

These flashcards cover key concepts related to Earth's internal and external forces, various types of rock and relief formations, tectonic activity, and the characteristics of the lithosphere.

What are the two main types of rocks mentioned in the lecture?

Volcanic rocks (igneous) and sedimentary rocks.

How are volcanic rocks formed?

They are formed by the cooling and solidification of magma.

What processes lead to the formation of sedimentary rocks?

They are formed by the accumulation of materials.

Which minerals are commonly found in volcanic areas?

Silver and gold.

What types of resources are found in sedimentary basins?

Coal, oil, and gas.

What is karst relief and how does it form?

It is formed by the dissolution of limestone, resulting in features like caves and sinkholes.

Name two types of relief forms mentioned in the lecture.

Anthropic relief forms and biogenic relief forms.

What characterizes the wind relief?

Rock mushrooms and sand dunes.

What are the three sections of river relief and their characteristics?

Upper course (erosion), middle course (meanders), lower course (delta formation).

What is the significance of volcanos as mentioned in the notes?

They provide fertile soil, energy, and mineral resources.

What defines the lithosphere?

The solid outer layer of the Earth, consisting of the crust and upper mantle.

How does tectonic activity relate to the formation of relief?

It creates various relief forms through diverging, converging, and sliding movements.

What distinguishes oceanic crust from continental crust?

Oceanic crust is thinner, denser, and younger than continental crust.

What are examples of coastal forms of relief mentioned in the notes?

Cliffs, beaches, and lagoons.

What is the epicenter in relation to earthquakes?

It is the point on the surface directly above where the earthquake originates.