FISDAP Cardiology Exam dawdad

A 54 year old male complains of chest tightness after raking leaves for a hour. The pain subsided after he rested and took two nitro tablets. He has had very similar episodes on the past. He is most likely experiencing?

Angina pectoris

A 36 year old female with a history of congenital heart defects is slow to respond. She has pale, cool, and clammy skin. Vital signs are BP 68/30, P 128, R 26. What should you suspect?

Cardiogenic shock

What valve controls blood flow between the left atrium and the left ventricle?

Mitral valve

Which vessels regulate regional blood flow to the capillary beds?

Arterioles

A 46 year old male is in cardiac arrest. You administer one shock and at the two minutes pulse check you feel a strong carotid pulse. What should you do?

Assess breathing and manage the airway if necessary

A 60 year old patient is short of breath and cyanotic. Lung sounds reveal crackles and you not accessory muscle use. What should you suspect?

Left sided heart failure

Which of the following is the largest artery in the body?

Aorta

You shocked a patient back into a normal rhythm with an AED. During transport, the patients becomes cyanotic and pulseless. What should you do?

Start CPR and request the EMS unit to stop

A 65 year old man complains of weakness and indigestion that began this morning. Vital signs are BP 150/90, P 116, R 24. You should suspect?

Myocardial infarction

Which patient is most likely to benefit from an AED?

A 54 chocking patient who is unresponsive with no carotid pulse

A 40 year old patient with a history of coronary artery disease and a recent mastectomy is complaining of chest discomfort. Vital sins are P 120, R 22, BP 80/54. You should suspect?

Cardiogenic shock

A 44 year old female awakened with shortness of breath complaining of indigestion, epigastric pressure. Antacids didn't help. You should suspect?

Gastroesophageal reflux disease

While performing chest compressions, you should

Position your shoulders over your hands

A patient complaining of substernal chest pain with radiating pain to his neck and jaw. The pain is not relieved with rest. You should suspect?

Acute myocardial infarction

Nitro is a medication which is typically administered

Sublingually

During CPR, which of the following is the most important?

Minimal interruptions to chest compressions

A 66 year old female called EMS for chest pain. Prior to calling she took three doses of her prescribed sublingual nitro with no relief. What should you do?

Administer oxygen

An 84 year old male with a history of "heart problems" complains of chest pain. The chest pain started 30 minutes ago while at rest. Vital signs are BP 110/70, P 92, R 20, SpO2 95%. What should you do?

Assist the patient with his prescribed nitro

A buildup of calcium and cholesterol from plaque inside blood vessels which would most likely cause

Acute coronary syndrome

After blood has been oxygenated, it returns to the heart by entering the

Left atrium

A 57 year old female developed severe weakness and mild shortness of breath while shoveling snow. She is diaphoretic and complaining of nausea and jaw pain. You should suspect?

Acute myocardial infarction

If the heart lacks enough power to pump the proper volume of blood through the circulatory system, it is known as

Cardiogenic shock

Which electrical cardiac disturbance will an AED shock?

Ventricular fibrillation

What best describes pulseless electrical activity (PEA)?

Organized electrical activity without a pulse

An adult patient is in cardiac arrest with bystander CPR in process. What should you do?

Continue CPR while your partner attaches the AED

A 64 year old patient states "I feel like I am about to die." Nitro and oxygen have not decreased her chest pain. Vital signs are BP 90/60, P 60, R 24. You should

Transport immediately

A 48 year old patient complains of difficulty breathing. Patient's history reveals an acute myocardial infarction eight months ago. Vital signs are BP 144/88, P 110, R 24. Auscultation reveals crackles in the lung bases. You should suspect?

Pulmonary edema

CPR has been ongoing for ten minutes on a patient in cardiac arrest. An AED has just been applied and is ready to analyze. You should

Continue CPR until a shock is advised

A child is in cardiac arrest with an unknown down time. What should you do?

Perform CPR while attaching AED

A patient who collapsed has been revived following one shock with an AED. She is now moaning and breathing on her own. What should you do?

Turn her on her side and monitor her airway

A 54 year old female suddenly becomes pulseless and apneic. What should you do?

Immediately start chest compressions

What action does aspirin have in the body that makes it beneficial for patients experiencing acute myocardial infarction?

Prevent platelets from clotting

After an AED has analyzed a patient, the machine states "shock advised". The most likely cause is

Ventricular tachycardia

Blood enters the right atrium from the

Vena cava

A 73 year ole female had chest pain and shortness of breath with bilateral crackles. Vital signs are BP 80/40, P 112, R 22. What is the most likely cause?

Cardiogenic shock

A 68 year old female with a cardiac history is complaining of shortness of breath. Auscultation reveals crackles bilaterally. You should suspect?

Congestive heart failure

Aspirin is administered to patients with chest pain because

Decreases the ability of platelets to form clots

During CPR, why is the upstroke of compressions so critical?

Allows blood to fill the heart chamber

A 36 year old female complains of chest pain. She is conscious and alert with an SpO2 of 93%. You should

Administer oxygen via nasal cannula at 4 lpm

What is the primary action of nitro?

It dilates the coronary arteries

You just arrived at the scene of a 75 year old male with generalized weakness and chest pain. He has not taken his prescribed medications: nitro, aspirin, and atenolol. You should

Contact medical control to assist the patient with his nitro

A cardiac arrest patient has been "down" for six minutes without any care. What should you do?

Start chest compressions

You are in an airport and see and adult collapse. As you get the AED from the wall, a bystander starts CPR. If indicated, you should deliver your first shock

As soon as possible on arrival at the patients side

A 69 year old male is lying in his bed and complains of chest pain. During your assessment he becomes unresponsive and pulseless. What should you do?

Move him onto a hard surface

A 78 year old diabetic patient with a syncopal episode now complains of anxiety, shortness of breath and back pain. You should expect?

Acute coronary syndrome

A 67 year old male with a history of asthma complains of chest tightness and shortness of breath. He took one nitro tablet without relief. He is pale and sweaty with an SpO2 of 76%. What should you do?

Administer oxygen by nonrebreathing mask

A 67 year old male has significant shortness of breath, chest pain and nausea. He is ashen and clammy. Vitals are BP 90/60, P 148, R 34. You should

Place the patient in the supine position

A patient was struck by lightening. You should suspect?

An irregular heart beat

An oriented 78 year old female with pale, moist skin is complaining of indigestion. Vital signs are BP 180/90, P 116 and irregular, R 24 and regular. You should suspect?

Myocardial infarction

In an adult, a pulse rate of 50 is called

Bradycardia

A systolic blood pressure measures pressure during which of the following?

Ventricular contraction

What of the following is a sign or symptom of cardiogenic shock?

Progressive hypotension

A patient has been in cardiac arrest for seven minutes after being struck by lightening. You should

Check the ABC's

A patient complains of chest pain radiating to both of his shoulders after dinner. He is pale, diaphoretic and slightly short of breath. The pain worsens with a deep breath. Vital signs are BP 150/90, P 120 and irregular, R 20. You should suspect?

Costochondritis

A patient presents with a sudden onset of tearing chest pain, absent radial pulse on the right arm and a history of high blood pressure. You should suspect?

Aortic dissection

A 62 year old male complains of chest pain and lightheadedness. Vital signs are BP 88/56, P 126, R 18. What is the best position for this patient?

Supine

You observe an older male slump to the floor. He is pulseless. What should you do?

Immediately start compressions

At what rate should single rescuer CPR be preformed for a 17 year old female?

120 compressions/min

During the primary assessment, a 57 year old female says she has chest pain and points to her epigastric area. What should you do?

Administer oxygen

What is the muscular middle layer of the heart?

Myocardium

A 76 year old female is sitting in a tripod position complaining of abdominal discomfort, nausea, dizziness and fatigue. She has taken 2 nitro tablet with relief. You should suspect?

Myocardial infarction

Chronic hypertension in adults typically begins at a pressure of higher than

140/90

Within 2 minutes of assisting your patient with his third nitro tablet, he complains of dizziness and becomes sweaty. Radial pulses are present, rapid, and weak. You should suspect?

Nitro caused vasodilation and decreased perfusion

A sudden, severe increase in blood pressure is called?

Hypertensive crisis

A 49 year old male with a history of heart problems complains of chest pressure and shortness of breath. You should assist him in taking his prescribed nitro if he

Complains of headache and has a BP 132/90

A 48 year old male complains of 8/10 crushing chest pain that radiates to his neck. Vital signs are BP 112/78, P 60, R 18. The patients daily medications include metoprolol, Cialis and aspirin. What should you do?

Transport rapidly in a position of comfort to the closest facility

The pulmonary artery carries

Deoxygenated blood away from the heart

An asthmatic 50 year old female is sitting at her desk. She is anxious and complaining of tightness in her chest. You should

Assist her with her prescribed inhaler

You have just defibrillated a patient who now has a pulse and effective respirations. In which position should you place him?

Recovery

The vessels that supply the myocardium are called

Coronary arteries

When do the coronary arteries fill with blood?

Diastole

What is the cause of heart failure?

Inadequate ejection of blood from the ventricles

An 80 year old male presents with shortness of breath, fatigue, peripheral edema, and jugular vein distention. Breath sounds reveal crackles and rhonchi. The most likely cause is

Congestive heart failure

Emergency medical responders have been preforming effective CPR on a patient in cardiac arrest. Upon your arrival, the AED indicated "shock advised". What should you do?

Defibrillate patient