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Collision Theory
States that particles must collide with energy greater than the activation energy for a reaction to occur.
Activation Energy
The minimum energy required for a reaction to start or occur.
Rate of Reaction
Influenced by temperature, concentration, pressure (in gases), catalysts, and surface area.
Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution of molecular energies
Shows the range of kinetic energies of particles in a gas and the fraction that can overcome activation energy for a reaction.
Effect of temperature on reaction rate
Increasing temperature increases the rate by providing more particles with energy greater than activation energy.
Effect of concentration & pressure
Increasing concentration (or pressure in gases) leads to more frequent successful collisions and a higher reaction rate.
Catalysts
Substances that increase the rate of reaction by providing an alternative pathway with lower activation energy.