IB Psychology SL1 | Unit 1 Quiz Terms to know

0.0(0)
studied byStudied by 0 people
0.0(0)
full-widthCall with Kai
GameKnowt Play
New
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/30

flashcard set

Earn XP

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

31 Terms

1
New cards

Empirical Evidence

Information gathered through observations or experiments that can be measured or tested.

2
New cards

Construct

A concept that isn’t directly visible, like intelligence or happiness, but can be measured through related behaviors.

3
New cards

Null Hypothesis

A statement that says there is no effect or relationship between the variables being studied.

4
New cards

Operationalize

Turning an abstract idea into something measurable. For example, turning “stress” into a score on a stress test.

5
New cards

Standardized procedure

Using the same method for all participants to make sure the experiment is consistent.

6
New cards

Random allocation to conditions

Putting participants into groups by chance, so every person has an equal chance of being in any group.

7
New cards

True experiment

An experiment where the researcher controls everything, including who is in which group and what changes are made.

8
New cards

Field experiment

An experiment done in a natural setting, but the researcher still changes something to study the effect.

9
New cards

Quasi experiment

A study similar to an experiment, but participants aren’t randomly assigned to groups.

10
New cards

Natural experiment

A study where the change being studied happens naturally, without the researcher controlling it.

11
New cards

Sampling

Choosing a group of people to represent the larger population in a study.

12
New cards

Credibility

How believable or trustworthy the findings of a study are.

13
New cards

Generalizability

Whether the results of a study can apply to other people, places, or situations outside the study.

14
New cards

Confounding Variables

Other variables that unintentionally affect the outcome of an experiment.

15
New cards

Independent Samples design

A study design where different people are used in each group or condition.

16
New cards

Repeated Measures design

A study design where the same people are used in all conditions of the experiment.

17
New cards

Counterbalancing

A method to balance the order of tasks in an experiment to reduce any unfair effects of doing one task before another.

18
New cards

Validity

Whether a study measures what it’s supposed to measure.

19
New cards

Reliability

The consistency of results—whether the same study or test gives the same results over time.

20
New cards

Ecological Validity

Whether the findings of a study can be applied to real-life situations.

21
New cards

Positive correlation (what it looks like on a scatter plot)

When two variables increase together. On a graph, it looks like an upward slope.

<p>When two variables increase together. On a graph, it looks like an upward slope.</p>
22
New cards

Negative correlation (what it looks like on a scatter plot)

When one variable increases while the other decreases. On a graph, it looks like a downward slope.

<p>When one variable increases while the other decreases. On a graph, it looks like a downward slope.</p>
23
New cards

Demand Characteristics

When participants guess what the study is about and change their behavior to fit those expectations.

24
New cards

Random Sample

A sample where every person in the population has an equal chance of being picked.

25
New cards

Stratified Sample

A sample that divides the population into subgroups, and people are randomly picked from each group.

26
New cards

Opportunity Sample

A sample made up of people who are easily available to the researcher.

27
New cards

Self Selected Sample

A sample where people volunteer to participate in the study.

28
New cards

Purposive Sample

A sample chosen based on specific traits that the researcher is interested in.

29
New cards

Snowball Sample

A sample where participants help find other participants, often used to study hard-to-reach groups.

30
New cards

Independent variable

The variable that the researcher changes to see how it affects something else.

31
New cards

Dependent variable

The outcome or effect that is measured in an experiment to see if it changes because of the independent variable.