thoracic spine

How many thoracic vertebrae are there

12

Thoracic vertebra occupy the ___ ____

Posterior throax

The thoracic vertebrae have ___ ____ on posterior, lateral sides of the body for articulation with head of the ___

Costal facets, ribs

Some Thoracic vertebra have facets on the ___ ____ for articulation with tubercle of ribs

Transverse processes

T___ - ___ have facets for costotransverse joints

T1-10

T___ - ___ do NOT have facets for costotransverse joints

T11-12

T1-4 resemble ___ vertebrae

Cervical

T___-___ are typical thoracic vertebrae

T5-8

T___-___ resemble lumbar vertebrae

T9-12

1

Spinous process

2

Lamina

3

Pedicle

4

Body

5

Facet, superior articular process

6

Transverse process

7

Facet, superior articular process

8

Pedicle

9

Body

10

Floor of pedicle (serves as roof of round intervertebral foramina)

11

Inferior articular process

12

Costotransverse joint (tubercle of rib)

13

Costovertebral joint (head of rib)

14

Rib

15

Transverse process

16

Costotransverse joint

17

Rib

18

Costovertebral joint (head of rib with body of vertebra)

19

Synovial capsule

Where is jugular notch located

T2-3

Where is mid throax (mid lung field) located

T7 (1/2 of spine)

Where is xiphoid process located

T9-10

What is thoracic spine routine? (3 views.)

AP, lateral, lateral (cerviothoracic) swimmers

What are additional thoracic spine projections?

Obliques

What is SID for AP thoracic spine?

40”

AP thoracic spine

When supine should ___ hips and knees to reduce kyphosis

Flex

Where does CR enter for AP thoracic spine?

Perpendicular halfway between jugular notch, and xiphoid process

Superior edge of IR should be where on AP thoracic spine

1½ to 2” above shoulders

What is collimation for AP thoracic spine?

7×17

What is breathing for AP thoracic expired?

Suspend respiration on full expiration

What image is this

AP thoracic soine

What is lateral thoracic spine SID

40”

Where should arms be for lateral thoracic spine?

Arms elevated to form right angle with long axis of body

Where is CR entering for lateral thoracic spine?

Enters posterior half of thorax at T7 ( halfway between mid coronal plane and posterior surface of thorax)

Lateral thoracic spine

If patient has broad shoulders, what angulation can be done on CR

Cephalic angulation of 10°

What is lateral thoracic spine collimation

7×17

What is breathing for lateral thoracic spine?

Expiration or breathing technique

What image is this

Lateral thoracic spine

Why do we do a swimmers view

Because in lateral thoracic spine T1-T3 will not be visualized

What is SID for lateral (cerviothoracic) swimmers

40” but 72 is also acceptable when part of cervical routine

What side of patient is against IR for lateral swimmers

Left

Where does CR enter for lateral swimmers view

Enters at level of C7-T1 interspace (1-2” above jugular notch)

What is collimation for swimmers?

6×6 or 8×8

What image is this

Lateral (cerviothoracic) swimmers

How should patient be for oblique thoracic spine?

Upright or supine

What does an oblique thoracic spine visualize?

Zygapophyseal joints

What degrees is the patient rotated for oblique thoracic spine?

70° for AP/PA

20° from lateral

What does RAO/LAO oblique thoracic spine represent

Demonstrate side down

What does RPO/LPO oblique thoracic spine represent

Demonstrate side up

For oblique thoracic spine where does CR enter?

T7

Wht image is this

Oblique thoracic spine

Anterior oblique T-spine demonstrates upside of Zygapophyseal joints (T or F)

FALSE

The xiphoid process corresponds to what vertebrae

T9-10

Where is CR centered to obtain this image

MCP at level of C7-T1

Where should Superior Edge of IR be for AP thoracic vertebrae?

1-2” above shoulder

Which position best demonstrates left Zygapophyseal joints of thoracic

RPO

Where is center of CR for lateral thoracic spine?

T7

Which factor is important to open up the intervertebral joint spaces for a lateral thoracic spine?

Keep vertebral column parallel to table

The Zygapophyseal joint for T-spine lies at an angle of ____ in relation to midsagittal plane

70-75°

The intervertebral foramina of T spine is clearly demonstrated:

Lateral

Which of the following should be done to place back in contact with table for AP thoracic spine

-flex hip

-flex knees

-flex cervical spine

1&2

What angle should be used for swimmers if shoulder can be depressed

0°

How much rotation for LAO T-spine (FROM TABLE)

70°

For the cerviothoracic the position for humeral head closest to IR is moved:

Anteriorly