Differences Between Plant and Animal Cells

These flashcards cover the key differences and similarities between plant and animal cells, their structures, functions, and roles in biological processes.

What do both plant and animal cells have in common?

Cytoplasm, Nucleus, Cell membrane, Mitochondria.

What structure is unique to plant cells?

Chloroplast, Vacuole, Cell wall.

What is the function of the mitochondria?

Site of aerobic respiration and energy production.

What is the function of the nucleus?

Stores DNA and controls cellular reactions.

What is the function of the cell membrane?

Controls what goes in and out of the cell.

What is turgor pressure?

Pressure from the vacuole that supports the plant cell.

What is the purpose of the cell wall?

Protects the plant cell from bursting under turgor pressure.

What process occurs within chloroplasts?

Photosynthesis.

What is the main product of photosynthesis?

Glucose.

How is starch related to glucose in plants?

Starch is made of many glucose units linked together.

What is the difference between glucose and starch regarding solubility?

Glucose is soluble in water, while starch is not.

What structures help synthesize proteins in cells?

Ribosomes and Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER).

What is a group of cells called?

Tissue.

How do proteins leave the cell?

Packaged in vesicles.

What happens to a plant cell if it is not watered?

It becomes flaccid and wilts.

What type of microscope reveals detailed cell structures like the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Electron microscope.

What is the role of the vacuole in plant cells?

Provides support by maintaining turgor pressure.

What is the composition of the cell wall in plant cells?

Made of tough cellulose.