evolution

Fossil

preserved evidence of an organism, often found in sedimentary rock

fossil formation

1. organism dies
2. covered by sediments
3. Hardens with minerals
3. erosion uncovers it

trace fossil

mark left by animal

casts fossil

minerals left in space of decaying organism

imprint fossil

object gets into sediment and hardens

mold fossil

organism buried into sediment and decays

amber

organism gets trapped into ice or sap

Precambrian

bacteria and algae

Palezoic

insects, fish, reptiles

Mesozoic

dinosaurs

Cenozoic

mammals

adaptation

feature that allows an organism to better survive in its environment

charles darwin

1.Variation occurs in species
2.There is competition for resources
3.The ones with more favourable traits survive 'survival of the fittest'
4.They pass down these traits to their offspring

lamarks theory

1.Organisms adapt through struggle to survive
2.They pass down this feature to their offspring

Speciation

the formation of new species during evolution
1. Variation occurs
2. Separation
3. Since the habitat is different species adapt
4. Genetic variation or mutation
5. Better adapted survive
6. Pass down to offspring

Divergent evolution

when two or more species sharing a common ancestor become more different over time

convergent evolution

Evolution toward similar characteristics in unrelated species

genetic engineering

Process of making changes in the DNA code of living organisms

selective breeding

breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits

gene flow

movement of alleles from one population to another