Imperial Image Scholars

Julius Caesar - Robin Lane Fox

People believed Julius Caesar truly was a God.

Julius Caesar - Robin Lane Fox

Caesar and Alexander the Great were the only rulers in antiquity whose divinity was widely believed in.

Son of Caesar - Galinsky

To be the son of a dictator was a mixed blessing; to be the son of a God, an unmitigated one.

Wallace - Hadrill - Myth of Actium

Actium was the battle in which Augustus established his dominance over the Roman world.

Introduced a new world order.

Wallace - Hadrill - Myth of Actium

The final showdown between two dynasts who for so long had fenced for mastery of the Roman World.

Wallace - Hadrill - Myth of Actium

Cleopatra represents only a secondary danger and could not be held accountable for the civil war herself.

Wallace - Hadrill - Myth of Actium

Actium was a propaganda battle, a battle for hearts and minds.

Edwards - Antony and Cleopatra

Octavian saw Antony and Cleopatra’s affair as an opportunity to advance his political position.

Edwards - Livia

Livia was the direct antithesis to Cleopatra

Beard - Roman Culture

Rome took Greek culture and reused it to make a new story for the Roman empire

Beard - Julia the Elder

Julia evidenced the imperfections of Augustus

Edwards - Augustus, role model

Augustus attempted to be a role model for all Romans.

Edwards - Leges Iuliae

Augustus’ laws caused grief upon his own family