AP Psych Vocab List #20 (Mood/personality disorders/schizophrenia)

affect

in psychology, a term indicating mood or emotion

rumination

Compulsive fretting; overthinking about our problems and their causes

magnification

Tendency to interpret situations as being more dangerous or harmful than they really are

all-or-nothing thinking

the tendency to believe that one's performance must be perfect or the result will be a total failure

overgeneralization

the tendency to interpret a single negative event as a never-ending pattern of defeat and failure

minimization

the tendency to give little or no importance to one's successes or positive events and traits

dysthymia

a moderate depression that lasts two years or more and is often the result of external stressor, also known as persistent depressive disorder

cyclothymia

disorder involving mood swings from moderate depression to elation

major depression

severe depression that is not the result of any particular environmental stressors and lasts longer for 2 continuous weeks

seasonal affective disorder

Disorder in which a person experiences depression during winter months and improved mood during spring.

bipolar disorder

A mood disorder in which the person alternates between the hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.

mania/manic episode

excessive excitement, energy and elation or irritability

schizophrenia

severe disorder characterized by disorganized thinking, bizarre behavior, hallucinations and delusions

psychotic disorder

marked by irrationality loss of contact with reality

hallucinations

false sensory perceptions (hearing or seeing things that aren't there)

delusions

false beliefs held in spite of obvious contradictory evidence

flat affect

lack of emotional responsiveness

disorganized schizophrenia

characterized by bizarre behavior and speech that makes no sense to others

catatonic schizophrenia

characterized by flat affect and long periods of motionlessness

paranoid schizophrenia

characterized by hallucinations and delusions of grandeur and/or persecution

positive symptoms

hallucinations, delusions and other bizarre behavioral excesses displayed by schizophrenics

negative symptoms

the absence of "normal" behavior like speech, emotion or movement

stress-vulnerability model

theory that certain environmental stressors can activate schizophrenia in those who are born with a genetic predisposition for the disease

personality disorders

a persistent, rigid pattern of behavior that interferes with normal, healthy social relations

antisocial personality disorder

characterized by a nearly complete lack of empathy or regard for others

borderline personality disorder

characterized by moody, clingy, unstable behavior; lacking a clear identity

tardive dyskinesia

involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue, and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target certain dopamine receptors

histrionic personality disorder

a personality disorder characterized by excessive emotionality and preoccupation with being the center of attention; emotional shallowness; overly dramatic behavior

anorexia nervosa

an eating disorder in which a person maintains a starvation diet despite being significantly (15% or more) underweight

bulimia nervosa

an eating disorder characterized by episodes of overeating, usually of high-calorie foods, followed by vomiting, laxative use, fasting, or excessive exercise

binge eating disorder

significant binge-eating episodes, followed by distress, disgust, or guilt, but without the compensatory purging, fasting, or excessive exercise