Male Reproductive System Audio Recording 5

Flashcards covering vocabulary and key concepts related to the female reproductive system, including anatomy, functions, and reproductive processes.

Ovary

The primary organ of reproduction in females; produces eggs and hormones.

Fallopian tube

Also known as uterine tube; transports the oocyte to the site of fertilization.

Fimbriae

Fringe-like structures at the end of the fallopian tube that sweep the egg into the tube.

Uterus

The organ where a developing offspring is housed; composed of three regions: fundus, body, cervix.

Cervix

The part of the uterus that protrudes into the vagina.

Endometrium

The innermost layer of the uterine wall; shed during menstruation.

Myometrium

The thick muscular layer of the uterus.

Perimetrium

The outermost layer of the uterine wall.

Vagina

The canal that leads from the cervix to the outside of the female body.

Labia major

The outer lips of the vulva, corresponding to the male scrotum.

Labia minor

The inner lips of the vulva.

Clitoris

The erectile tissue in females, corresponding to the male penis.

Hymen

A thin membrane that partially covers the vaginal opening.

Round ligament

A thickening of the broad ligament that helps to hold the uterus in place.

Broad ligament

A wide membrane that supports the reproductive organs.

Oogenesis

The process of egg formation in the ovary.

Oogonium

The stem cell from which oocytes develop; undergoes mitosis before birth.

Primary oocyte

The cell that results from the first mitotic division of the oogonium.

Secondary oocyte

The cell that is a result of the first meiotic division of the primary oocyte.

Polar body

A small cell produced during oogenesis that eventually disintegrates.

Meiosis II

The second meiotic division that occurs in the secondary oocyte, completed after fertilization.

Zygote

The fertilized egg that results from the union of sperm and egg.

Primordial follicle

The earliest stage of the follicle containing the primary oocyte.

Primary follicle

A stage of follicle development characterized by multiple layers of follicular cells.

Secondary follicle

A more developed stage of follicle that contains antrum filled with fluid.

Graafian follicle

A mature follicle that has developed fully and will release the egg during ovulation.

Luteinizing hormone (LH)

A hormone that triggers ovulation and the formation of the corpus luteum.

Corpus luteum

A temporary endocrine structure that produces progesterone after ovulation.

Progesterone

A hormone secreted by the corpus luteum that prepares the uterus for implantation of a fertilized egg.

Corpus albicans

The scar tissue that replaces the corpus luteum if fertilization does not occur.

Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH)

A hormone used to measure a woman's ovarian reserve.

Ovarian reserve

The number of viable eggs remaining in a woman's ovaries.

Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS)

A condition characterized by an imbalance of hormones that affects ovarian function.

Fornix

The space around the cervix where the vagina meets the uterus.

Suspensory ligament

A ligament that supports the ovary by attaching it to the lateral pelvic wall.

Rectouterine pouch

The space between the rectum and uterus.

Antrum

The fluid-filled space within a secondary follicle.

Zona pellucida

A glycoprotein layer surrounding the oocyte.

Granulosa cells

Cells that line the follicle and provide nutrients and hormones.

Vaginal rugae

Folds within the vaginal wall that allow for expansion.

Ovarian ligament

A connective tissue structure that attaches the ovary to the uterus.

Pituitary gland

The gland that regulates hormones related to reproduction.

Estrogen

A group of hormones that play a role in the regulation of the female reproductive system.

Menstruation

The shedding of the endometrial lining when fertilization does not occur.

Fertilization

The union of sperm and oocyte, typically occurs in the fallopian tube.

Ovulation

The release of a mature egg from the ovary.

Follicular phase

The phase of the menstrual cycle where follicles mature in the ovary.

Luteal phase

The phase of the menstrual cycle after ovulation where the corpus luteum forms.

Fertilization window

The period when the oocyte can be fertilized after ovulation.

Cervical mucus

Fluid produced by the cervix that changes in consistency during the menstrual cycle.

Menstrual cycle

The monthly cycle of changes in the female reproductive system.

Pregnancy

The condition when a fertilized egg implants and develops in the uterus.