Chapter 1 - Classifying Organic Compounds

Ketone

________: organic compound that has double- bonded oxygen on any carbon within the carbon chain; RCOR.

Amide

________: carbon atom double- bonded to an oxygen atom and single- bonded to a nitrogen atom.

R

________ is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon, and R′ is a hydrocarbon.

Electronegativity

________: a measure of how strongly an atom attracts electrons in a chemical bond; partial negative or partial positive atom.

Simple amides

________ are solid at room temperature.

Ether

________: organic compound that has two alkyl groups joined by an oxygen atom; R- O- RAlkoxy group: alkyl singularly bonded to oxygen Less polar than water and alcoholUsually soluble in water but decreases as the alkyl group increasesLower boiling point than water.

Cycloalkane

________: alkane in a shape of a ring.

OH

________ (hydroxyl) group: a functional group that contains ________.

Aldehyde

________: organic compound that has double- bonded oxygen on the last carbon of a carbon chain; R- CHO.

Prefix

________: indicates name and location of each branch and functional group on the main carbon chain.

Amine

________: An organic compound with the functional group- NH2,- NHR, or- NR2.

Alkane

________: hydrocarbon that has only single bonds.

Root

________: number of carbon atoms in the main chain or ring.

Organic chemistry

________: the study of compounds based on carbon.

Dipole Dipole interactions

________: attractive forces between polar molecules.

Suffix

________: type of compound according to functional groups present.

Ester

________: general formula for a(n) ________ is RCOOR.

Carboxylic acid

________: carbon atom is bonded to an oxygen atom by a double bond and to a hydroxyl group- (OH) by a single bond.

Alcohol

________: an organic compound that contains the- OH functional group.

Alkene

________: hydrocarbon with at least one double bond.

Alkyne

________: hydrocarbon with at least one triple bond.

Functional Group

________: a reactive group of bonded atoms that appears in all the members of a chemical family.

Carbonyl group

________: carbon atom double- bonded to an oxygen atom; C= O.

Hydrogen bonding

________: strong intermolecular attraction between the hydrogen atom with an N, O, F atom.

C N

________ and N- H bonds make it polar, acts like carboxylic acids.

Benzene

________ is the simplest aromatic compound.

Polar covalent bond

________: the covalent bond between two atoms with different electronegativities.

Hydrocarbons

________: simplest type of organic compounds, composed of entirely carbon and hydrogen atoms.

R

________ 'and ________ are used for more than one alkyl group.

Alcohols

________ are named after parent alkane.

Ester

________ is a derivative of carboxylic acid.