[PT10116] [1T1S] [1.3] Body Scheme

Inability to register and integrate stimuli and perceptions from one side of the body

Unilateral Neglect

Testing procedures for Unilateral Neglect (2)

1. Observing the performance and changes in patients’ responses during basic activities of daily living (i.e. bed mobility)

2. Instrumental activities of daily living (i.e. pushing a chair)

Denial and lack of awareness of the presence of severity of one’s paralysis

Anosognosia

Testing procedures for Anosognosia

Ask the patient what happened to his/her arm or leg, whether he or she is paralyzed, how the limb feels, and why it cannot be moved

Lack of awareness of the body structure and the relationship of body parts to oneself or to others

Somatoagnosia

Testing procedures for Somatoagnosia

The patient is requested to point to body parts named by the therapist, on himself or herself, on the therapist, and on a picture of a human figure

Ability to identify the right and left sides of one’s own body

Right & Left Discrimination

Testing procedures for Right & Left Discrimination

Ask the patient to point the body parts on command with laterality

Ability to visually distinguish a figure from the background in which it is embedded

Figure-Ground Discrimination

FIGURE-GROUND DISCRIMINATION

What should be considered when choosing the modalities to be used in testing figure-ground discrimination?

The items must be similar in color

Testing procedures for Figure-Ground Discrimination (2)

1. A white towel placed on a white sheet, and the patient is asked to find the towel

2. Getting a silver spoon within a set of silver forks

Ability to accurately judge the direction, distance, and depth

Depth and Distance Perception

Testing procedures for Depth Perception

Ask a patient to fill a glass of water

Testing procedures for Distance Perception

Ask the patient to take an object in front of them

DEPTH AND DISTANCE PERCEPTION

If the lesion site is located at the ICA, ACA, or MCA, this is considered as?

Distance Perception

• Since the lesion site mainly affects the cerebrum

DEPTH AND DISTANCE PERCEPTION

If the lesion site is located at the cerebellar cortex, this is considered as?

Hyper-/Hypo-/Dysmetria

• Since the lesion site mainly affects the cerebellum

Ability to perceive the relationship of one object in space to another object or oneself

Spatial Relations

Testing procedures for Spatial Relations (2)

1. The patient is asked to get the object that is in the “front,” “back,” or “top” of another object

2. OMTs (Rivermead Perceptual Assessment Battery OR Arnedotirr OT-ADL)

SPATIAL RELATIONS

How many trials are recommended in testing spatial relations?

2-3 trials

Ability to perceive what is vertical

Vertical orientation

Testing procedures for Vertical Orientation

Using a cane (or any straight object), turn it sideways to a horizontal plane. Then, give the object to the patient and ask them to return it to its original position

Ability to understand and remember the relationship of one location to another

Topographical Orientation

Testing procedures for Topographical Orientation (2)

1. Ask the patient to draw or describe a familiar route

2. ALTERNATIVE: Ask the patient to guide you towards a particular location (ex. restroom)

Documentation format for Body Scheme

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