Skin and Skeletal System

These flashcards encompass key vocabulary and definitions derived from the notes on skin structures, skin conditions, and the skeletal system.

Accessory Skin Structures

Structures that include hair, skin glands, and nails that are part of the skin.

Sebaceous Glands

Glands that secrete oily substances to lubricate and protect hair.

Eccrine Glands

Sweat glands primarily composed of water and salts, helping to cool the skin.

Apocrine Glands

Sweat glands enriched with proteins and lipids, found in specific body areas.

Ceruminous Glands

Glands that produce earwax, which is viscous, antibacterial, and waterproof.

Cyanosis

A condition characterized by a blue discoloration of the skin due to poor blood flow.

Jaundice

A yellowing of the skin and eyes caused by a buildup of bile in the blood.

Erythema

Redness of the skin due to increased blood flow.

Pallor

Paleness of the skin, usually resulting from reduced blood flow.

Basal Cell Carcinoma

The most common type of skin cancer, arising in the basal cells.

Squamous Cell Carcinoma

A type of skin cancer that develops in the squamous cells of the skin.

Malignant Melanoma

A serious form of skin cancer that arises from melanocytes.

Wolff's Law of Bone

The principle that bone growth and remodeling are influenced by mechanical stress.

Osteoclasts

Cells responsible for bone resorption.

Osteoblasts

Cells that build new bone.

Osteocytes

Mature bone cells that maintain the bone matrix.

Compact Bone

Dense bone that provides strength and support.

Spongy Bone

Bone with a porous structure that houses bone marrow.

Endochondral Ossification

The process of bone formation from a cartilage model, typical in long bones.

Intramembranous Ossification

The direct formation of bone from mesenchymal tissue.

Parathyroid Hormone (PTH)

A hormone that increases blood calcium levels by stimulating osteoclast activity.

Calcitonin

A hormone produced by the thyroid that decreases blood calcium levels.

Intervertebral Disc

Cartilaginous structures that provide cushion between vertebrae.

Hyoid Bone

A unique bone in the neck that does not articulate directly with any other bone.

Fracture Types

Includes stress, pathological, spiral, compression, depressed, greenstick, epiphyseal, and comminuted fractures.

Osteoporosis

A bone disease characterized by a loss of bone density and mass, making bones brittle.

Bone Marrow

Soft tissue that occupies the marrow cavity of long bones, responsible for blood cell production.