O Chem I - Functional Groups + pKa

Alkane

C-C and C-H single bonds no rings

* not technically a fxnl group *

Cycloalkane

C-C and C-H single bonds WITH rings (cyclo)

* not technically a fxnl group *

Alkene

C=C DOUBLE bonds

Alkyne

C+C TRIPLE bonds

(Internal --> additional carbon)

Arene (Aryl, Aromatic)

Odd # of C=C bonds --> "a" RING

Carboxyl Group

COO-H

Phenol Group

Ring + -OH (hydroxy group)

Alcohol

R-OH (hydroxy group) on a saturated carbon (no double bonds)

Terminal Alkyne

C+C triple bond is on the end of the strand - no other carbons just an H (terminal)

Amine

NH2 (amino group) - typically N has a lone pair of E-'s

H-Cl (Hydrochloric Acid) pKa?

Conjugate base?

-5 (STRONG mineral acid)

Cl- weak CB

CH3COO-H (Carboxylic Acid) pKa?

Conjugate base?

5

CH3COO-

C6H5O-H (Phenol) pKa?

Conjugate base?

10

C6H5O-

HO-H (Water) pKa?

Conjugate base?

15 (~ alcohol)

HO-

CH3CH2O-H (Alcohol) pKa?

Conjugate base?

15 (~~water)

CH3CH2O-

HC+C-H (Terminal Akyne) pKa? (+ = triple bond)

Conjugate base?

25

HC+C-

H2N-H (Amine) pKa?

Conjugate base?

40

H2N-

CH2=CH-H (Alkene) pKa?

Conjugate base?

45

CH2=CH-

CH3-H (Alkane) pKa?

Conjugate base?

50 (weakest acid)

-CH3 (strongest conjugate base)

Aldehydes

R-CHO