Taxonomy

taxonomy

the science of classifying organisms

taxa

one of the eight classification groups

domain

the first and largest taxa with 3 categories

Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya

the 3 domains

Archaea, Bacteria, Plantae, Fungi, Chromista, Protozoa, Animalia

the 7 kingdoms

Archaea and Bacteria

the prokaryotic kingdoms

Plantae, Fungi, Chromista, Protozoa, Animalia

the eukaryotic kingdoms under domain Eukarya

kingdom

the second level of taxa with 7 categories

phylum

the taxa level after kingdom

class

the taxa level after phylum

order

the taxa level after class

family

the taxa level after order

genus

the taxa level after family

species

a group of organisms that look the same and have the same structure as well as being able to produce fertile offspring; the smallest level of taxa

Linnaeus

the scientist who invented the binomial nomenclature system of naming organisms

binomial nomenclature

includes the Latin genus and species name typed in italics with the genus capitalized and the species lower case

systematics

the science of classification using evolutionary relationships

phylogeny

constructing the evolutionary history of organisms

Cladistics

the reclassifying of organisms according to their evolutionary history

phylogenetic tree

shows the evolutionary relationships of animals and may include extinct organisms (AKA the tree of life)

Clades

branches of the phylogenetic tree

divergence

emergence of a derived (shared) trait

convergence

two dissimilar species evolving the same derived trait

Baraminology

looking at life on the basis of created kinds using both genetics and physical traits (AKA the orchard of life)