8.1 - 8.4

Digital Information

data represented in a numerical form, specifically using binary (0s and 1s) because computers only understand numbers

Encoding

Converting information (text, images, sound) into digital formats (numbers/bits) to be stored or transmitted

Analog vs digital

Analog signals are continuous like sound waves, but digital data is discrete and specific

bits

Smallest unit of information (0 or 1)

Binary vs Decimal

Computers use binary (base-2); humans use decimal (base-10)

byte

Group of 8 bits

Capacity

Using n bits allows for 2^n unique values. (4 bits can represent 16 different values cuz 2^4)

ASCII

A character encoding standard that uses 8 bits to encode

Pixels

smallest element of a digital image which is a tiny dot of color

RGB encoding

Colors can be created by mixing red, green and blue.

24 bit system

24 bits are used per pixel (8 for red, 8 for green, 8 for blue) allowing over 16 million possible colors

intensity

0 us no intensity - 255 is max intensity

Lossless vs lossy

lossless compression is where it reduces size without losing data recreating the original file perfectly, but the files are larger. Lossy compression is permanently removingg data to shrink file sizes but has quality loss