6.2 Composition of Blood (1)

liquid matrix, formed elements

Blood is composed of ___ ___ and ___ ___.

blood plasma

___ ___ contains a variety of proteins and many other small molecules and ions

clotting proteins formed elements

Blood serum is blood minus what two components?

erythrocyte

What is another term for a red blood cell?

anucleated

RBC is a flexible, biconcave, and what cell?

erthropoiesis

What is another term for the manufacture of RBCs?

yolk sac

During embryonic development, where does erythropoiesis first occur?

liver, spleen, red bone marrow

After the yolk sac stage, where does erythropoiesis move to?

iron

The substances required for erythrocyte production are:
proteins, lipids, amino acids, ___, vitamin B12, folic acid, copper, and cobalt.

hemocytoblast

Fill in the blanks for the sequence of erythropoiesis:

___ → proerythroblast erythroblast → normoblast → reticulocyte → erythrocyte

hemoglobin

What is the main constituent of RBCs?

oxygen

What is the essential function of hemoglobin?

To carry and transport ___ to all parts of the body.

hematocrit

What is the percentage of total blood volume occupied by erythrocytes?

120 days

What is the average lifespan of RBCs?

bone marrow liver spleen

Where are new RBCs formed, and where are old RBCs primarily destroyed?

neagtive feedback

What mechanism is used by the body to increase erythropoiesis in response to decreased oxygen levels?

erythropoietin

Which hormone is secreted by the kidneys in response to low oxygen concentration, thus stimulating erythropoiesis in the bone marrow?

heme, globin

The hemoglobin(Hb) molecule contains four iron-containing molecules and four polypeptide chains.

What are these called respectively?

1, 4

How many molecules of oxygen can bind to a single heme, and how many can bind to a whole hemoglobin molecule?

distinct, same, greater

CO2 and O2 have ___ carry sites, whereas CO binds to the ___ site as O2 with ___ affinity.

bile

The breakdown of erythrocytes results in molecules used to form which digestive secretion in the liver?

bilirubin

What gives feces and urine their distinctive brown or yellow color?