What is an example of a behavior that might be learned through observational learning?

What is an example of a behavior that might be learned through observational learning?

 A child cursing after they hear adults curse

In operant conditioning, what is the effect of positive punishment?

It decreases a behavior by adding an unpleasant consequence

Which of the following statements reflects Piaget's view on the role of play in cognitive development?

 Play is essential for the development of logical thinking and problem-solving skills.

 According to Vygotsky, which of the following best describes the relationship between development and learning?

First, kids learn new types of skills and information. Then, they move to the next stage of cognitive development.

Which statement best represents Vygotsky's thoughts on the relationship between language and thought?

 Language drives thought. We learn to think more deeply through language and social interactions (conversations).

What does the term "More Knowledgeable Other" (MKO) refer to in Vygotsky's theory?

An adult who provides guidance and support in learning

A child who teaches another child

In Pavlov's experiment, what was the unconditioned stimulus (US)?

The food presented to the dog

Which of the following is a similarity between Piaget and Vygotsky's theories?

 Both emphasize the role of social interaction in learning

What is the primary focus of Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development?

The influence of culture, social interactions, and language on learning

In operant conditioning, negative punishment involves

Taking away a positive stimulus to reduce a behavior

What is an example of negative reinforcement?

Removing chores when a child behaves well

What are the four stages of Piaget’s cognitive development, in order?

 Sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete Operational, Formal Operational

Bandura's Bobo doll experiment demonstrated the concept of:

Observational learning

 Which of the following is an example of a conditioned stimulus (CS)?

The bell that signals the arrival of food

What is a conditioned response (CR)?

 A learned reaction to a conditioned stimulus

 How do Piaget and Vygotsky differ in their thoughts on the relationship between social speech and inner speech?

Piaget argues that we grow out of egocentric inner speech and social speech becomes the main influence on our inner speech, while Vygotsky views social speech as foundational for inner speech.

Which statement best describes the role of cognitive development in Piaget’s theory?

 It occurs in distinct stages that are universal across cultures

How might Vygotsky's concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) be applied in a classroom setting?

By offering support and guidance for tasks that are just beyond the student’s current ability.

Which of the following statements about scaffolding is true?

It involves providing support that is gradually removed as the learner gains independence

In terms of learning, how do Piaget and Vygotsky differ regarding whether it is an independent exploration or a socially constructed process?

Piaget emphasizes independent exploration, while Vygotsky emphasizes social interaction and collaboration.

. Explain the capabilities and limitations of children in two of Piaget's proposed developmental stages.

For example the capabilities of children to Piagets is that  in the sensorimotor age children from the age of 0-2 learn about the world through their senses and actions. The limitation is they aren't aware of anything but only in what's in front of them. Another example is the preoperational age which is from ages 2-7. Children began to use words to represent objects. Their logical experience and imagination is still developing just like their age. The limitations of this stage is that they have egocentrism which is struggling to understand others perspectives. 

 Explain the setup and lessons learned in one of the following experiments: Bandura's Bobo doll experiment, Pavlov's dog experiment, or John Watson's operant conditioning experiments.

During Pavlov's dog experiment to start off Pavlov started to discover conditioned reflexes through dogs. He observed the dogs salivation and studied the digestive system. This then led to understanding the natural stimuli to triggered responses. There was a repetitive system where they rang  the bell (neutral stimulus)  and gave the dog food (unconditioned stimulus)  and repeated this until the bell was a conditioned stimulus.