unit 4 terms

this unit has no sustenance why is it mostly common sense

core political values

1) equality of opportunity

2) individualism

3) free enterprise

4) rule of law

5) globalization

political socialization

process by which a person acquires political beliefs and ideology

political culture

dominant set of beliefs, customs, traditions, and values that define the relationship between citizens and government

factors of political socialization

FAMILY, school, peers, civic organizations (boy scouts), religious organizations (going to church)

generational effect

events that occur in a generation may shape opinions

life-cycle effect

views about political issues are influenced by a person’s stage in life

benchmark poll

first poll taken by a campaign, often taken before a candidate announces candidacy

tracking poll

continuous polls used to chart a candidate’s daily rise or drop of support, same questions

entrance/exit poll

polls conducted as voters arrive/leave a polling place on election day, often used to try to predict election outcome or understand voter behavior and analyze groups

focus group

a small group of citizens gathered to discuss issues or candidates, less scientific but can allow for deeper insight

stratified random sampling

variation of random sampling; population divided into subgroups and weighted based on demographics

sampling error

polling error arising from using a sample of the population, margin of error (+-3%), minimum sample size 1000 people

fiscal policy

use of government spending and tax policies to influence economic conditions

Keynesian economics

promotes government spending on programs to stimulate economy, supported by Democrats

classic economics

laissez-faire policy, limited government role, wanted by Republicans

supply side economics (“Reaganomics”)

stimulate economy by cutting taxes on wealthy people and business owners to encourage businesses to grow

to slow inflation

the Federal Reserve will decrease money supply and increase interest rates

during a depression

the Federal Reserve will increase money supply and decrease interest rates