Unit 6: 35-44

coerced and semicoerced labor

The new global capitalist economy continued to rely on this

Slavery, Chinese and Indian indentured servitude, Convict labor

migration

migrants

While many of this group permanently relocated, a significant number of temporary and seasonal ones of these returned to their home societies.

cotton or sugarcane

Slaves were property, and were put to work farming this

Labour camps

were often located in inhospitable regions such as Siberia, resulting in a high mortality rate for the interned prisoners.

Japanese agricultural workers

In the pacific

Lebanese merchants

in the Americas 

Italians

worked as coffee growers 

ethnic enclaves

Migrants created this in different parts of the world which helped transplant their culture

Receiving societies

did not always embrace immigrants, as seen in the various degrees of ethnic and racial prejudice

Chinese Exclusion Acts (1882)

stopped Chinese migration to the Americas – 1st time US stopped immigration from a certain race – led to hostility against immigrants.

White Australia Policy (1901)

Passed by the British – series of policies restricting migration to Australia to white Europeans only – led to social problems in Australia – racial nationalism