Roman military

exercitus

army

inquisito

investigation board

vegetius

roman author wrote about the army

gladius

short stabbing sword, worn on right side

pugio

dagger worn on left side

pilum

javelin held in either hand

scutum

three foot long shield, curved rectangle shape

lorica segmentata

segmented body armor overlapped with metal and leather buckles

cingulum

belt to hold weapons

caligae

reinforced sandals with thick soles to support marching weight

galea

helmet

sarcina

backpack

optio

2nd in command

signifer

standard bearer, signals home

tesserarius

commander of watch, passwords and shifts of guards guy

vitis

cane held by centurion to show rank/punish soldiers

primus pilus

first file, in charge of basically everything

praefectus castrorum

directs camps and the people

legatus legionis

highest ranked official

auxiliary troops

forgein troops from non-italian Roman provinces

contubernium

8-man group

cohort

6 centuries, 480-500 men

century

80 men (10 contubernium)

legion

10 cohorts, 4800-5000 men

salary for Roman soldier

300 denarii a year

roman soldier training exercises

swimming, marching, jumping, carrying packs

aquilifer

eagle bearer, most significant soldier on battle field, sign of the empire

roman soldier service length

25 years

retirement benefits

marriage, can vote if he owned land