Week 2 Theory - Oral Health Sciences

What 2 categories are the bones of the skull subdivided into?

Cranial bones & facial bones

How many cranial bones are there? List all of them.

There are 8 cranial bones:

• Frontal

• Parietal (X 2)

• Occipital

• Ethmoid

• Temporal (X 2)

• Sphenoid

List the articulations of the frontal bones.

• Sphenoid

• Ethmoid

• Parietal bones (2)

• Nasal bones (2)

• Maxillae (2)

• Lachrymal bones (2)

List the articulations of the parietal bones.

• Frontal bone

• Sphenoid

• Occipital bone

• Parietal bone (contralateral)

List the articulations of the occipital bone.

• Parietal bones (2)

• Sphenoid

• Temporals (2)

• C1 Vertebra (Atlas)

List the articulations of the ethmoid bone.

• Frontal bone

• Sphenoid

• Nasal (2)

• Lachrymal (2)

• Palatine (2)

• Inf. Nasal Conchae (2)

• Vomer

• Maxilla (2)

List the articulations of the temporal bones.

• Sphenoid

• Parietal bone

• Occipital bone

List the articulations of the sphenoid.

• Frontal bone

• Parietal bones (2)

• Ethmoid

• Zygomas (2)

• Temporal bones (2)

• Occipital bone

• Palatine (2)

• Vomer

Describe the sphenoid body.

Body lying at the centre of the sphenoid bone and is cubical in shape. This houses:

• Sella turcica which houses the hypophyseal fossa.

• Chiasmatic groove where the optic nerves run.

How many facial bones are there? List all of them.

There are 14 facial bones:

• Mandible

• Maxilla

• Nasal

• Palatine

• Inferior Nasal Conchae

• Lachrymal

• Vomer

• Zygoma

List the articulations of the zygomatic bones.

• Frontal bone

• Temporal bone

• Sphenoid

• Maxilla

List the articulations of the Vomer.

• Maxillae (2)

• Palatine (2)

• Sphenoid

• Ethmoid

List the articulations of the lachrymal/lacrimal.

• Frontal bone

• Ethmoid

• Maxilla (Frontal Process therof)

• Inferior Nasal Concha

List the articulations of the inferior nasal concha/inferior nasal turbinate.

• Palatine bone

• Maxilla (medial wall thereof)

List the articulations of the palatal bones.

• Sphenoid

• Ethmoid

• Maxilla

• Vomer

• Inferior Nasal Concha

• Palatal bone (contralateral)

List the articulations of the nasal bones.

• Frontal

• Ethmoid

• Maxilla

• Nasal (contralateral)

List the articulations of the maxilla.

• Frontal

• Sphenoid

• Zygoma

• Ethmoid

• Vomer

• Inf. Nasal Concha

• Palatine

• Lachrymal

• Maxilla (contralateral)

List the processes of the maxilla.

• Frontal

• Zygomatic

• Palatine

• Alveolar

What is the sinus of the maxilla?

Maxillary antrum

What are the articulations of the mandible?

Temporal bones

Describe the mandible and how it is different from other bones in the skull.

• Besides the bones of the middle ear, the mandible is the only mobile bone in the skull

• Unlike other bones of the skull, the mandible doesn’t articulate with the surrounding bones via sutures

• Articulates via a synovial joint called temporamandibular joint

What parts does the body of the mandible consist of?

• Mandibular teeth

• Mandibular foramen

• Inferior alveolar canal

• Mental foramen

• Angle of mandible

• Genial tubercles

• Mylohyoid ridge

• Submandibular & sublingual fossae

• Insertion of masseter & medial pterygoid muscles

What parts does the ramus of the mandible consist of?

• Mandibular foramen

• Lingula

• Mylohyoid groove

• Anterior border

• External oblique ridge

• Internal oblique ridge

• Sigmoid notch

What is the coronoid process of the mandible for?

Insertion of temporalis muscle

What parts does the condylar head of the mandible consist of?

• Condyle

• Neck

• Insertion of Lateral Pterygoid

Other bones:

• Inner ear ossicles

• Hyoid Bone

Does the hyoid bone have articulations?

No