IMSK build up

Extensor of shoulder (3)

Supraspinatus, Infraspiantus, biceps brachii

Flexors of shoulder

Deltoidues, Tere major, teres mino, tricpes (long head only)

Extensors of elbow (3)

Tricpes (main), Tensor fasciae antebrachia, Anconeus

Flexors of the elbow (2)

Biceps Brachii, Brachialis

Extensors of the carpus (4)

Extensor carpi radialis, Common digital extensor, lateral digital extensor, Abductor digiti I longus

Flexors of capus (5)

Ulnaris lateralis, Flexor carpi ulnaris, flexor carpi radialis, superficial digital flexor, deep digital flexor

Extensors of the digit (2)

Common digital extensor, Lateral digital extenosrs

Flexors of the digit (2)

Superficial digital flexor, deep digital flexor

Supraspinatus OR

Supraspinoius fossa of the scapuls

Supraspinatus INS

Greater tubercle of the humerus

Supraspinatus INN

Suprscapular nerve

Infraspinatus OR

infraspinous fossa

Infraspinatus INS

Greater tubercle of the humerus

Infraspinous INN

Suprascapular nerve

Bicep Brachhi OR (Extensor of shoulder)

Supreaglenoid tubercle

Bicepcs brachii INS (extensor of shoulder)

radial and ulna tubersotites

Bicep brachii INN

musculcoentaous

Deltoideus OR

Scapular spine and acromial process

Deltoideus INS

Deltoid tubersotuy

Deltoideus INN

Axillary nerve

Teres major OR

Caudal angle of the scapula

Teres Major INS

Teres major tuberosity

Teres major INN

axillary nerve

Teres minor OR

Infra-glenoid tubercle and cadual broder of the scapulaT

Teres minor INS

teres minor tuberosity

Teres minor INN

Axillary nerve

Tricpes (long head) OR

Caudal border of the scapula

Tricpes (only long head) INS

Olecranon process of the ulna

Tricpes INN

radial nerve

Tricpes (main) OR

Proximal part of the humerusT

Tricpes (main) INS

Olecranon process of the ulna

Tensor fasciae antebrachia OR

Fascia over latissimus doris

Tensor fasciae antebrachia INS

olecranon process of the ulna

Tensor fasciae antebrachia INN

Radial nerveAn

Anconeus OR

Epicondyle of the humerus, lateral supracondylar crest

Anconeus INS

olecrannon process of the ulna

Anconues INN

radial nerve

Biceps brachii (flexor of the elbow) OR

Supraglenoid tubercle

Biceps Brachii (flexor of the elbow)INS

radial tuberosity

Brachialis OR

proximal part of the humerus

Brachialis INS

radial and ulnar tuberosity

Brachialis INN

musclocutaneous nerve

Extensor Carpi Radialis OR

lateral supracondylar crest

Extensor Carpi radialis INS

dorsal surface of the metacarpals II and III

Extensor carpi Radialis INN

Radial nerve

Common digital extensor OR

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Comon ditial extensot INS

Extensor process of digitis II to V

Common digital extensor INN

Radial nerve

Lateral digital extensor OR

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Lateral digital extensor INS

Extensor process of digits II to V

Lateral digital extensor INN

Radial nerve

Abductro digiti I longus OR

cranial surface of teh ulna

Abductro digiti I longus INS

Proximal part of the metacarpal I

Abductro digiti I longus INN

Radial

Ulnaris lateralis OR

lateral epicondyle of the humerus

Ulnaris lateralis INS

Accessory carpal adn metacarpal V

Ulnaris lateralis INS

Accesspory carapl and metacarpal VU

ulnaris lateralis INN

Radial nerve

Flexor carpi ulnaris OR

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Flexor carpi ulnaris INS

accessory carpal

Flexor carpi ulnaris INN

Ulnar nerve

Flexro carpi radialis OR

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

Flexor carpi radialis INS

Accesory carpalF

Flexor Carpi radialis INN

Median nerve

Superficial digital flexor OR

medial epicondyle of the humerus

Superficial digital flexor INS

Middle phalanges of digits II-VS

Superficial digital flexor INN

median nerve

Deep digital flexor OR

Medial epicondyle of the humerusD

Deep digital flexor INS

flexor tubercle on distal phalanx of each digit

Deep digital flexor INN

humeral adn radial heads are by media

ulanr head is by ulna

You made an incision through the skin (cutis) into the hypodermis (subcutis). Which basic layers of the skin did your scalpel blade pass through?

Epidermis adn Dermis

What type of epithelium makes up the epidermis

stratified squamous

Layers of keratinized stratified squamous

Stratum basale, Stratum Spinosum, Stratum Granulosum, Stratum Lucidum, Stratum Corneum

What are the two cell types of the epidermis and which is most numerous

Keratinocytes (most numerous), Nonkeratinocytes

Melanocytes - distinguish

Dendritic projections with stored pigment in cytoplasm, bottom layer

Langerhan’s - distinguish

Upper stratum spinosum onstly, shrink artifcats creates a clear halo

Merkel - Distinguish

in basment membrane and have a little dark circle

Epidermal and dermal interditations

epidermal ridges, dermal papillae

Describe the micorbes of normal skin

They are naturally there with a wide variety in the microbiome but when staphyloccus greatly increase in population it can create problems

Phase of hair follicles

Anagen - growth phase, increased mitotic activity adn melaning produciton

Catagen - regression phase

Telogen - resting phase, no mitotic activty

Exogen - sheeding+ new anagen

Demal lucidosis - what is resposible and what happens

faulty polymers and is a genetic defect in hylauronic acid metabolism where too much is made that pushes the collagen fibers apart and causes bubbles

What is responsible for the tensile strength in skin

Collagen - tensile/pull

Polymers (proteoglycans, hyaluranan) - push/compression

What happens with a lack of or lack of quality of fatty acids in the diet

dull, dry, and scally skin, fur loss

Recruitment of moto units - how it’s done adn order of recruitment

the smallest motor units are recruited 1st and then more are recruited as needed to conserve energy, Slow motor units → fatigue resistant → fast

What bone is responsible for non-weight bearing lameness, a cuase, the muscle that inserst, the nerve, and the artery

Olcrenonon process, tricpes, radial nerve, median artery

When you declaw a cat which flexor won’t work

deep digital flexor

If a dog has issue with anconeal process what joint will experience pain

Elbow

Main channel of blood supply for the distal limb of the cat

Radial artery

All the weird facts about cats

Have a clavicle, have a suprachondylar foramen with a medial and brachial nerve, radial artery is the main source for the distal limb, deep digital flexor will not work after declawing

What provides the major blood supply to the distal limb in equine, bovine, and canine each

For all it’s the median artery

The radial nerve exists under the lateral head of the tricpes in which species

Equine, Bovine, Canine, Feline

A dog with axillary nerve damage can still flex it’s shoulder because of

the lattissiumus dorsi

What is the relationship of the biceps tendon to the glenohumeral joint

Biceps tendon sheath communicates with the glenohumeral joint in the dog

If the accesory carpal bone is fracture in a dog which muscles will be affected

flexor carpi ulnaris, Flexor carpi radialis, ulnaris lateralis

What is the digging muscle and it’s nerve

lattissumus dorsi and thoracic dorsal

Three bursa

Infraspinatus bursa - deep within the infraspinatus muscle (between tendon and the greater tubercle of humerus)

Olecranon Bursa - at elbow between the tricpes brachii tendon and olecranon

Bicipitordial bursa - at elbow, between tendon of biceps brachii and proximal radius (helps reduce friction during elbow movement)

What carpal bones are fused in bovine

C2 and C3

Order of counting carpal/metacarpals

Lateral (pinky) to medial (thumb)

What species has an intermediate tubercle

Equine

Acromion species difference

Present in bovine and canine but not equine