5. Lower Musculature

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77 Terms

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what are the anterior muscles of the hips?

Iliacus
Posoas Major

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Iliacus

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Iliacus

action?

hip flexion

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Posoas Major

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Posoas Major

action?

hip flexion

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<p>when <span><strong>iliacus</strong> and <strong>psoas</strong> <strong>major</strong> are </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>together</strong></span><span> </span></p><p><span>it’s referred to as the </span></p>

when iliacus and psoas major are together

it’s referred to as the

Ilioposas

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iliacus + psoas major

share the same _____ that attaches to the ______

share the same tendon that attaches to the femur

<p><span>share the same </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>tendon</strong></span><span> that attaches to the </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>femur</strong></span></p>

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Hip Flexion

is a

decrease in angle between femur and os coxa

<p><span><strong>decrease</strong> in angle between </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>femur</strong></span><span> and </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>os coxa </strong></span></p>

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what is one lateral component of the hips?

Fascia Lata

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Fascia Lata

is a

fibrous connective tissue sheath encircling thigh

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what are the lateral tendons of the hips?

tendon of Gluteus Maximus
tendon of Tensor Fasciae Latae

<ul><li><p><span><strong>tendon of </strong></span><span style="color: blue"><strong>Gluteus Maximus </strong></span></p></li><li><p><span><strong>tendon of </strong></span><span style="color: blue"><strong>Tensor Fasciae Latae</strong></span></p></li></ul><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcjEfxHmWfyhu3Y66-hLvlA9zBPKuC8qIPl3VyVim-cONIYReb4fmbLtOhEe6Dq4TNmkvgm2FAr0mI2YHkeVdbxkepNstX7s_fTa5SIDu6zApvxPbN8rcYLV7_dA8AP9IBD6RMz?key=0NmS09b7DSVt44FZoYhqRUdh" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><p></p>

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Fascia Lata
Tendon of Gluteus Maximus
Tendon of Tensor Fasciae Latae
combine to make the

iliotibial tract

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iliotibial tract

spans from the _____ to ______

iliac crest to tibia

<p><span style="color: blue"><strong>iliac crest</strong></span><span><strong> to </strong></span><span style="color: blue"><strong>tibia</strong></span></p>

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what are the Gluteal Muscles of the Posterior Thigh?

Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus

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Gluteus Maximus

action?

major muscle for hip extension

<p><span>major muscle for </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>hip extension</strong></span></p>

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Gluteus Medius

location?

deep to gluteus maximus

_{( runs entire length of iliac crest )}

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Gluteus Medius

action?

hip abduction

_{( secures our stable leg when walking )}

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Gluteus Minimus

location?

deep to gluteus medius

<p><span style="color: blue"><strong>deep</strong></span> to <strong>gluteus medius </strong></p>

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Gluteus Minimus

action?

helps with multiple actions

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extra pic

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what are the anterior muscles of the thigh?

Quadriceps Femoris
Satorius

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Quadriceps Femoris

has how many heads?

“quad”

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what are the 4 heads?

Retus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

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Retus femoris

why is it’s location special?

only head that crosses the hip joint onto pelvis

<p><strong>only head</strong> that <span style="color: blue"><strong>crosses the hip joint</strong></span> onto <strong>pelvis</strong> </p>

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Retus femoris

action?

knee extension

+ hip flexion ( because of the hip joint crossing )

<p><span style="color: blue"><strong>knee extension</strong></span></p><p><span style="color: blue"><strong>+ hip flexion</strong></span> ( because of the hip joint crossing ) </p><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXdw0khWYuH6qkWJvB2ErDyT0cmlZJKS2a5DOpHrjTDK4W4CpPW8q_OdXVoEVRxRkVAT5m_KptKXqhV9qJECpk0TIMfemkdWjvJes-2ldu534jOrlxV-GVbeir1PjkcofX9JBX0zyQ?key=0NmS09b7DSVt44FZoYhqRUdh" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><p></p>

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Vastus lateralis

location?

lateral side

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Vastus medialis

location?

medial side

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Vastus intermedius

location?

deep to quadricep muscle’s rectus femoris

_{( behind! that’s why you can’t see it in some pics )}

<p><span style="color: blue"><strong>deep</strong></span> to <strong>quadricep muscle’s rectus femoris</strong></p><p><sub>( behind! that’s why you can’t see it in some pics )</sub></p>

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<ul><li><p><strong>Vastus lateralis </strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Vastus medialis </strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Vastus intermedius</strong></p></li></ul><p></p><p>together’s<span style="color: blue"><strong> action?</strong></span></p><p></p>

Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

together’s action?

knee extension

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extra pic

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<p><span><strong>All</strong> <strong>4 quadricep heads</strong> </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>attach</strong></span><span> to the</span></p>

All 4 quadricep heads attach to the

quadriceps tendon

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quadriceps tendon

inserts into the

patella

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<p><span style="color: blue"><strong>after</strong></span><span> the <strong>patella</strong> the </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>tendon</strong></span><span><strong> is </strong></span><span style="color: green"><strong>referred</strong></span><span><strong> to as</strong> the </span></p>

after the patella the tendon is referred to as the

patellar ligament

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patellar ligament

inserts into the

tibial tuberosity

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Satorius

muscle shape?

long rope like

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Satorius

location?

stretches from lateral to medial sides of thigh

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Satorius

action?

hip flexion
lateral thigh rotation

<ul><li><p><span>hip flexion </span></p></li><li><p><span>lateral thigh rotation</span></p></li></ul><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcF8MW3zPl7CObbjrl-fIuA-k1Vup0pQGOdesi6Jddumg58Gpi5MqFY1anx3xNS63TmBPwNdOoPsCLaPTBl7499LxFCcDhAB8AlJLtQw9mPJ_CgqNIIIQ5FWn4T85YlAFBercjWFg?key=0NmS09b7DSVt44FZoYhqRUdh" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><p></p>

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what group of muscles are at the

Medial ( inner ) Thigh?

adductor muscles

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what are 4 adductor muscles?

Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis

<ul><li><p><strong>Adductor </strong><span style="color: blue"><strong>Longus</strong></span></p></li><li><p><strong>Adductor </strong><span style="color: blue"><strong>Brevis</strong></span><strong> </strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Adductor </strong><span style="color: blue"><strong>Magnus</strong></span></p></li><li><p><span style="color: blue"><strong>Gracilis </strong></span></p></li></ul><p></p><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXf84s6jOuxxQCLKFcpeCa04pDP-7cM9fxAnYNztl2lnBJgn9TPwkxVy-yZiV84Jdqv0qUdJYQt7ipZ2tKl6Ujg-j4u0Hzq1MEdpQK7MkUB8WaOWZ3cU7ST5YXsaNfQ3_4AilZPp6g?key=0NmS09b7DSVt44FZoYhqRUdh" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><p></p><p></p>

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<ul><li><p><strong>Adductor </strong><span><strong>Longus</strong></span></p></li><li><p><strong>Adductor </strong><span><strong>Brevis</strong></span><strong> </strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Adductor </strong><span><strong>Magnus</strong></span></p></li></ul><p><span style="color: blue"><strong>location? </strong></span></p>

Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus

location?

primarily attach to ischium + medial posterior part of the thigh

( some to the pubis)

<p><span>primarily attach to <strong>ischium</strong> + <strong>medial posterior</strong> <strong>part of the thigh </strong></span></p><p>( some to the <strong>pubis</strong>) </p>

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Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus

action?

hip abduction

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Gracilis

muscle shape?

long + strap-like

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Gracilis

location?

runs from pubic bone to tibia ( medial side )

<p><span>runs from </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>pubic bone</strong> </span><span>to </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>tibia</strong></span><span> ( medial side ) </span></p>

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note

sideways it looks like a seatbelt that runs from hip to knee

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Gracilis

action?

thigh adduction

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what muscle is at the Posterior Thigh?

Hamstring Muscles

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Hamstring Muscles

action?

knee flexion
hip extension

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knee flexion

is between

tibia and femur

( pulls femur backwards )

<p><span> </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>tibia</strong></span><span> and </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>femur</strong></span><span> </span></p><p><span>( pulls femur backwards ) </span></p>

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hip extension

hamstrings works together with

gluteus maximus

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Hamstring Muscles

include

Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus

<ul><li><p><strong>Biceps Femoris </strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Semitendinosus</strong></p></li><li><p><strong>Semimembranosus</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Biceps Femoris

how many heads?

<p><span style="color: blue"><strong>2 </strong></span></p>

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<p>what are the <span style="color: blue"><strong>heads</strong></span> <strong>called?</strong></p>

what are the heads called?

Long Head
Short Head

<ul><li><p><span style="color: blue"><strong>Long</strong></span><strong> Head</strong></p></li><li><p><span style="color: blue"><strong>Short</strong></span><strong> Head</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Long Head

Short Head

location on hamstring?

lateral side

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Long Head

action?

thigh extension

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Short Head

action?

knee flexion

NOT thigh extension ( because it doesn’t cross the hip joint )

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Semitendinosus

location on hamstring?

medial side

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Semimembranosus

location on hamstring?

medial side

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what do the Leg's Anterior (Extensor) Muscles do?

Dorisflex Ankle and Extend Digits ( straightening toes of foot )

<p><span style="color: blue"><strong>Dorisflex Ankle</strong></span><span style="color: #000000"><strong> </strong>and<strong> </strong></span><span style="color: blue"><strong>Extend Digits </strong></span><span style="color: #000000">( straightening toes of foot ) </span></p>

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what are the

Dorisflex Ankle and Extend Digits

muscles?

Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Hallucis Longus

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Tibialis Anterior

location?

lateral aspect of shin

( next to anterior border of tibia )

<p><span>lateral aspect of </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>shin</strong></span></p><p><span>( next to anterior border of </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>tibia</strong></span><span> ) </span></p><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfz6bYS2yqU6rIk9ndbPOmprn5w2885FBETyrdwYLYILh2jtlj2ZsLHDkTAgGwOzOi7nlixijSkRYfbVv3oRoJ03s-wMp0oEx6GKepjbfFw1qpS0Al3bpbGvEGJYXIdDlxpNVfU0A?key=0NmS09b7DSVt44FZoYhqRUdh" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><p></p>

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Tibialis Anterior

action?

foot dorsiflexion

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Dorsiflexion

movement of toes upwards towards the shin (raising foot at the ankle)

<p><span>movement of <strong>toes</strong> </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>upwards</strong></span><span> towards the shin </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>(raising foot at the ankle)</strong></span></p>

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Extensor Digitorum Longus

action?

toe extension ( except the big toe )

<p><span><strong> toe extension </strong>( except the big toe ) </span></p>

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Extensor Hallucis Longus

action?

extension of big toe

( notice: there’s “hallux” in the word! )

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Plantarflexion

lifting the heel and pointing the toes downward ( standing on your toes )

<p><span> lifting the heel and </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>pointing the toes downward</strong></span><span>  ( standing on your toes )</span></p><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXexTHvErp1WRHSd3hg8x-aLvtwiDX8-rPssoPQcy0dfU0Ya50CKZSbmx6mRDCnY9KefmC4jiSwZXJfA5_5BGgJzkdLNufhcxT1hKkOCoAahu9WY2rUG2I0_mPK4pwe5f1Rm1wDtlQ?key=0NmS09b7DSVt44FZoYhqRUdh" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><p></p>

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extra pics

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what makes up the posterior flexor leg muscles?

Calf Muscles

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Calf Muscles

include the

Gastrocnemius
Soleus

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Gastrocnemius

has how many heads?

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what are the 2 head’s names?

Medial Head
Lateral Head

<ul><li><p><span style="color: blue"><strong>Medial</strong></span><strong> Head</strong></p></li><li><p><span style="color: blue"><strong>Lateral</strong></span><strong> Head</strong></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Soleus

location?

deep to gastrocnemius

<p><span style="color: blue"><strong>deep</strong></span><span> to <strong>gastrocnemius </strong></span></p><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXfregjCDz-2ICkfzI11auEXZ248SG42hYnuz4_IR1DN-KaBIz6vzy-pi2jV--aqNu4dMgFYGQpam4UAcloQhP24I8G8BWPdVVCtpUGxcwz7VeVGddQtcm5u-qm09wICbxsejHFhUg?key=0NmS09b7DSVt44FZoYhqRUdh" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><p></p>

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Gastrocnemius
Soleus

both attach to the

achilles tendon

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Gastrocnemius
Soleus

contribute to action of?

plantar flexion

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what makes up the lateral fibular leg muscles?

Fibularis ( peroneus ) brevis
Fibularis ( peroneus ) longus

<ul><li><p><span><strong>Fibularis ( peroneus ) </strong></span><span style="color: blue"><strong>brevis</strong></span></p></li><li><p><span><strong>Fibularis ( peroneus ) </strong></span><span style="color: blue"><strong>longus</strong></span></p></li></ul><p></p>

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Fibularis ( peroneus ) brevis
Fibularis ( peroneus ) longus

location of both?

runs behind to the lateral malleous next to eachother

<p><span>runs </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>behind</strong></span><span><strong> to the </strong></span><span style="color: blue"><strong>lateral malleous</strong></span><span> next to eachother   </span></p><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXcAnW3IHZ0lYzocreJ3hxQYkDcY3z0t7ziKkEXqsMhj3NbLuZXDuaA2A4Cq7ERGJXuaJzAUQE8bLt6t2LdguYuMgmDYZPWSB-xULVuVZlkSCHl7hopZ6ojgGwfwzpH1icxZ-VC9fQ?key=0NmS09b7DSVt44FZoYhqRUdh" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><p><span>         </span></p><img src="https://lh7-rt.googleusercontent.com/docsz/AD_4nXefSVd9IsILB_2Lkq5imU_DLY_PBsyKKXlSs_1PHLTh29v08z2Njci6xUTI-Kp3fEmxZCwzIU-4dwayLl7fPNhRQpoQ9AY5YkFupTHLxh0P3OnRTPJTyoVQM5bpUb7G_dT-8edZJA?key=0NmS09b7DSVt44FZoYhqRUdh" data-width="25%" data-align="center"><p><span>            </span></p>

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what’s special about Fibularis ( peroneus ) longus location?

it runs further under the foot to metatarsal #1

<p>it <span><strong>runs further</strong> under the foot </span><span style="color: blue"><strong>to metatarsal #1</strong></span></p><img src="https://knowt-user-attachments.s3.amazonaws.com/c0241425-d27e-4509-ba89-fb3bc1f795da.png" data-width="25%" data-align="center" alt=""><p></p>

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Fibularis ( peroneus ) brevis
Fibularis ( peroneus ) longus

both helps with action of

plantar flexion