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what are the anterior muscles of the hips?
Iliacus
Posoas Major

Iliacus

Iliacus
action?
hip flexion


Posoas Major

Posoas Major
action?
hip flexion


when iliacus and psoas major are together
it’s referred to as the
Ilioposas

iliacus + psoas major
share the same _____ that attaches to the ______
share the same tendon that attaches to the femur

Hip Flexion
is a
decrease in angle between femur and os coxa

what is one lateral component of the hips?
Fascia Lata
Fascia Lata
is a
fibrous connective tissue sheath encircling thigh
what are the lateral tendons of the hips?
tendon of Gluteus Maximus
tendon of Tensor Fasciae Latae

Fascia Lata
Tendon of Gluteus Maximus
Tendon of Tensor Fasciae Latae
combine to make the
iliotibial tract

iliotibial tract
spans from the _____ to ______
iliac crest to tibia

what are the Gluteal Muscles of the Posterior Thigh?
Gluteus Maximus
Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Minimus

Gluteus Maximus
action?
major muscle for hip extension

Gluteus Medius
location?
deep to gluteus maximus
( runs entire length of iliac crest )

Gluteus Medius
action?
hip abduction
( secures our stable leg when walking )

Gluteus Minimus
location?
deep to gluteus medius

Gluteus Minimus
action?
helps with multiple actions

extra pic
what are the anterior muscles of the thigh?
Quadriceps Femoris
Satorius
Quadriceps Femoris
has how many heads?
4
“quad”

what are the 4 heads?
Retus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

Retus femoris
why is it’s location special?
only head that crosses the hip joint onto pelvis


Retus femoris
action?
knee extension
+ hip flexion ( because of the hip joint crossing )

Vastus lateralis
location?
lateral side

Vastus medialis
location?
medial side

Vastus intermedius
location?
deep to quadricep muscle’s rectus femoris
( behind! that’s why you can’t see it in some pics )


Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius
together’s action?
knee extension


extra pic

All 4 quadricep heads attach to the
quadriceps tendon


quadriceps tendon
inserts into the
patella


after the patella the tendon is referred to as the
patellar ligament


patellar ligament
inserts into the
tibial tuberosity

Satorius
muscle shape?
long rope like

Satorius
location?
stretches from lateral to medial sides of thigh
Satorius
action?
hip flexion
lateral thigh rotation

what group of muscles are at the
Medial ( inner ) Thigh?
adductor muscles

what are 4 adductor muscles?
Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
Gracilis


Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
location?
primarily attach to ischium + medial posterior part of the thigh
( some to the pubis)

Adductor Longus
Adductor Brevis
Adductor Magnus
action?
hip abduction

Gracilis
muscle shape?
long + strap-like

Gracilis
location?
runs from pubic bone to tibia ( medial side )


note
sideways it looks like a seatbelt that runs from hip to knee
Gracilis
action?
thigh adduction

what muscle is at the Posterior Thigh?
Hamstring Muscles


Hamstring Muscles
action?
knee flexion
hip extension

knee flexion
is between
tibia and femur
( pulls femur backwards )

hip extension
hamstrings works together with
gluteus maximus

Hamstring Muscles
include
Biceps Femoris
Semitendinosus
Semimembranosus


Biceps Femoris
how many heads?
2


what are the heads called?
Long Head
Short Head

Long Head
Short Head
location on hamstring?
lateral side


Long Head
action?
thigh extension


Short Head
action?
knee flexion
NOT thigh extension ( because it doesn’t cross the hip joint )

Semitendinosus
location on hamstring?
medial side

Semimembranosus
location on hamstring?
medial side

what do the Leg's Anterior (Extensor) Muscles do?
Dorisflex Ankle and Extend Digits ( straightening toes of foot )

what are the
Dorisflex Ankle and Extend Digits
muscles?
Tibialis Anterior
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Extensor Hallucis Longus

Tibialis Anterior
location?
lateral aspect of shin
( next to anterior border of tibia )


Tibialis Anterior
action?
foot dorsiflexion
Dorsiflexion
is
movement of toes upwards towards the shin (raising foot at the ankle)


Extensor Digitorum Longus
action?
toe extension ( except the big toe )

Extensor Hallucis Longus
action?
extension of big toe
( notice: there’s “hallux” in the word! )

Plantarflexion
is
lifting the heel and pointing the toes downward ( standing on your toes )


extra pics
what makes up the posterior flexor leg muscles?
Calf Muscles


Calf Muscles
include the
Gastrocnemius
Soleus

Gastrocnemius
has how many heads?
2

what are the 2 head’s names?
Medial Head
Lateral Head

Soleus
location?
deep to gastrocnemius

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
both attach to the
achilles tendon

Gastrocnemius
Soleus
contribute to action of?

plantar flexion

what makes up the lateral fibular leg muscles?
Fibularis ( peroneus ) brevis
Fibularis ( peroneus ) longus

Fibularis ( peroneus ) brevis
Fibularis ( peroneus ) longus
location of both?
runs behind to the lateral malleous next to eachother

what’s special about Fibularis ( peroneus ) longus location?
it runs further under the foot to metatarsal #1


Fibularis ( peroneus ) brevis
Fibularis ( peroneus ) longus
both helps with action of
plantar flexion
