Personality Types & Health

This set of flashcards covers key concepts related to personality types and their associations with health, focusing on Type A, B, C, and D behavior patterns.

What characterizes the desire of individuals with Type A behaviour?

Desire to achieve as many goals as possible in the shortest possible time, overcoming any potential obstacles.

What needs and traits are associated with Type A behaviour?

Need for competition and achievement, aggressiveness in pursuing goals, tendency to dominate.

What behavioral style is typical of Type A individuals?

Haste, impatience, high behavioral dynamics, experiencing strong time pressure, reacting with anger and hostility.

Who developed the concept of Type A behaviour pattern?

Rosenman & Friedman.

Which study demonstrated health risks associated with Type A?

The Framingham Heart Study.

What health risk was identified in Type A?

2× higher risk of coronary heart disease than Type B.

What is Type C associated with?

Predisposition to cancer.

What is known about research on Type C?

There is little research on Type C.

Who described Type C in cancer patients?

L. Temoshok, University of California, 1978–1988.

What behavioral characteristics define Type C?

Passivity, difficulties in emotional expression (especially anger), a helpless-hopeless response to stress.

What is Type D associated with?

Predisposition to cardiovascular diseases.

What emotional tendencies define Type D?

Negative affect – a tendency to respond with anxiety, depression, and anger.

What coping tendency is associated with Type D?

Suppression of emotional expression.

Who conducted key Type D studies?

D. Denollet et al.

What did Denollet’s 2000 study involve?

319 patients with cardiovascular disease and a 5-year follow-up to predict quality of life and number of cardiac episodes.

What health consequence is associated with Type A?

Constant functioning under stress increases the risk of illness.

Which traits define Type B?

Emotional stability and ambiversion.

How do Type B individuals function?

They can function effectively in various social contexts and situations.

What is the health implication of Type B?

Type B personality does not predispose individuals to specific diseases or disorders.

Which traits define Type C?

Neuroticism and introversion.

What psychological characteristics define Type C?

Lowered self-esteem, lack of self-confidence, passivity, low mood, and pessimism.

What is linked to cancer risk in Type C?

Persistence of helplessness, hopelessness, and emotional suppression.

Which traits define Type D?

Negative emotionality and social inhibition.

What emotional tendencies does Type D include?

Tendency to worry, low sense of security, and pessimistic view of the world.

What social tendencies define Type D?

Low tendency to share emotions, discomfort with others, and weak bonds.

What self-related tendencies occur in Type D?

Tendency to self-blame.

What disease risk is associated with Type D?

Tendency toward coronary heart disease.

What is DS14 used for?

A scale for measuring the intensity of Type D personality traits.

Who is DS14 designed for?

Adults, both healthy and ill.

What does DS14 measure?

Negative emotionality and social inhibition.