Organic Chemistry: Hydrocarbon Chains, Bond Types, and Molecular Geometry

Methyl

1

Ethyl

2

Propyl

3

Butyl

4

Pentyl

5

Hexyl

6

Heptyl

7

Octyl

8

Nonyl

9

Decyl

10

A pi bond makes a

Double Bond

Sp3

Tetrahdedral

Sp2

Trigonal planar

Sp1

Linear

What is the angle of SP3?

109

What is the angle of SP2?

120

What is the angle of SP?

180

Formal Charge

VE - (B+D)

Covalent

Nonmetal

Ionic

Metal

Cis isomer

Same dimension

Trans

Different Dimension (Zigzag)

Increasing Acidity trend

MORE EN = More acidity

Bronsted Acid

Acids Donate Protons

Lewis Acid

Accepts Electrons

Higher PKA

Weaker Acid

The pKA that is favored is the _________

Weaker one

The higher PKA is

Basic

The Lowest Boiling Point has

More Branches

High Boiling Point

Large # of Carbons

-OH

High boiling point

Bases have

lone charges on EN atoms

Acetal:

-OR

Amine

-NH3

Aldehyde

C=O-H

Alkene

C=C

Alkyne

C triple bond

Alcohol

-OH

Dipole Dipole

Positive and negative attracted to eachother

Hydrogen bonding

H bonded to N, O or F

EN increases

Going up

Prefix of Carbon ring

Cyclo-

Prefix

-Iso

Prefix

-n

Prefix

-neo

Axial (on a chair)

Straight Up or Down