Lab Toxins

Acetanilide & Acetophenetidin Toxin

Antidote: Methylene Blue

Acetanilide & Acetophenetidin supp. Care

Activated charcoal

Gastric lavage

Seizures → Diazepam / Lorazepam

Recurrent seizures → Phenobarbital

Aminopyrine toxin

Activated charcoal

Gastric lavage

Seizures → Diazepam / Lorazepam

Persistent seizures → Phenobarbital

Hypotension → Dopamine / Norepinephrine

Alkaline diuresis

Pyrazole Compounds (Phenylbutazone / Oxybutazone)

Activated charcoal

Gastric lavage

Seizures → Diazepam / Lorazepam

Hypotension → Dopamine / Norepinephrine

Alkaline diuresis

Hemoperfusion

Antipyrine toxin

Activated charcoal

Gastric lavage

Seizures → Diazepam / Lorazepam

Persistent seizures → Phenobarbital

Hypotension → Dopamine / Norepinephrine

Alkaline diuresis

(The same as aminopyrine)

Picrotoxin

Activated charcoal

Gastric lavage

Seizures → Diazepam / Lorazepam

Severe seizures → Midazolam / Propofol

Hypertension → Nitroprusside

Barbiturates (Phenobarbital)

Antidote: Sodium Bicarbonate

Ex: Enhances Elim.

Severe Barbiturates Tx.

Activated charcoal (multiple doses)

Gastric lavage

Alkaline diuresis

Hemodialysis or charcoal hemoperfusion

Hypotension → Dopamine / Norepinephrine

Caffeine Tox. Seizures

Tx: Diazepam

Caffeine Sev. Tachycardia

Tx: Esmolol or Propanolol

Caffeine Ventricular Dysrhythmias

Tx: Lidocaine/Amiodarone

Salicylic Acid Toxin

Antidote: Sodium Bicarb.

Severe Salicylic Toxin

Tx: Hemodialysis

Salicylic Acid Seizure

Tx: Diazepam/Lorazepam → Phenobarbital

Aspirin

Antidote: Sodium Bicarb.

Severe Aspirin Toxicity

Tx: Hemodialysis

Picric Acid

Tx:

Activated charcoal

Oxygen therapy

IV glucose

Seizures → Diazepam / Lorazepam → Phenobarbital

Antimony

Tx: Chelation Therapy

Arsenic

Antidote: Dimercaprol

Moa: chelates Heavy metals

Bismuth

Antidote: Dimercaprol

Mercury

Antidotes:

Dimercaprol

Dimercaptosuccine Acid

DMPS

Penicillamine

Barium

Diagnose via hair or urine heavy metal test

Remove source (water treatment)

Supportive care