BIO 168 Lab Practical 1

1

Atomic Level

2

Chemical Level

3

Cellular Level

4

Tissue Level

5

Organ Level

6

Organ System Level

7

Organism Level

1

Cephalic

2

Axillary

3

Brachial

4

Antecubital

5

Antebrachial

6

Carpal

7

Palmar

8

Digits

9

Patellar

10

Crural

11

Tarsal

12

Digits

13

Cervical

14

Thoracic

15

Mammary

16

Abdominal

17

Umbilical

18

Pelvic

19

Trunk

20

Manual

21

Inguinal

22

Pubic

23

Femoral

24

Pedal

1

Superior

2

Lateral

3

Medial

4

Proximal

5

Distal

6

Inferior

7

Cranial or Cephalic

8

Posterior or Dorsal

9

Anterior or Ventral

10

Caudal

Ventral

The belly side

Dorsal

The back

Superior

Above; at a higher level

Inferior

Below; at a lower level

Lateral

away from the midline

Medial

toward the midline

Cranial

towards the head

Caudal

towards the tail

Proximal

Toward the POA of a limb to the trunk

Distal

Away from the POA of a limb to the trunk

Superficial

at, near, or relatively close to the body surface

Deep

toward the interior of the body; farther from the surface

1

Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ)

2

Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ)

3

Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ)

4

Left Lower Quadrant

1

Right Hypochondriac Region

2

Epigastric Region

3

Left Hypochondriac Region

4

Right Lumbar Region

5

Umbilical Region

6

Left Lumbar Region

7

Right Inguinal Region

8

Hypogastric (Pubic) Region

9

Left Inguinal Region

B

Sagittal Plane

A

Frontal Plane

C

Transverse Plane

Frontal Plane

Separates anterior and posterior portions of the body

Coronal Plane

Same as frontal, but usually passing through the skull

Transverse/Horizontal Plane

separates superior and inferior portions of the body

Sagittal Plane

Separates left and right portions

Midsagittal Plane

Same as sagittal, but passes through midline to cut equal portions

Parasagittal Plane

Same as sagittal, but misses midline and cuts uneven portions

1

Cranial Cavity

2

Spinal Cavity

3

Pleural Cavity

4

Diaphragm

5

Abdominal Cavity

6

Pelvic Cavity

7

Abdominopelvic Cavity

8

Percardial Cavity

9

Visceral Peritoneum

10

Parietal Peritoneum

Microvilli

(light blue, non-membranous) Increase surface area to facilitate absorption of extracellular materials

Nucleus

(purple, membranous) Controls metabolism; stores and processes genetic info; controls protein synthesis

Nucleolus

(purple, non-membranous) Site of rRNA synthesis and assembly of ribosomal subunits

Rough ER

(dark blue, membranous) Modifies and packages newly synthesized proteins

Smooth ER

(dark blue, membranous) Synthesizes lipids and carbohydrates

Golgi Apparatus

(red, membranous) Storage, alteration, and packaging of secretory products and lysosomal enzymes

Secretory Vesicles

(red & blue dots, membranous) Transports between organelles

Mitochondria

(orange, membranous) Produces 95% of the ATP required by the cell

Lysosomes

(yellow dots, membranous) Intracellular removal of damaged organelles or pathogens

Peroxisomes

(white, membranous) Break down toxins and fatty acids

Centrioles

(Yellow, non-membranous) Divides DNA during cell division

1

Arm

2

Base

3

Ocular Lenses

4

Rotating Nosepiece