cause and effect

Growth of white male suffrage

Rise of Jacksonian Democracy & popular politics

“Corrupt Bargain” of 1824

Distrust of elites; Jackson’s 1828 victory

Tariff of Abominations (1828)

Nullification Crisis; South Carolina threatens secession

Jackson’s Bank Veto & Specie Circular

Financial instability → Panic of 1837

Transportation & Market Revolution

Regional specialization; rise of Northern industry & Western farming

Immigration (Irish/German)

Urban growth; nativist backlash (Know-Nothing Party)

Second Great Awakening

Wave of social reforms (temperance, abolition, education, women’s rights)

Seneca Falls Convention (1848)

Launch of organized women’s rights movement

Cotton Gin invention

Massive growth of slavery in Deep South

Nat Turner Rebellion

Stricter slave codes; increased Southern fear & repression

Expansionist spirit (Manifest Destiny)

Mexican War; new territories acquired

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

U.S. gains Southwest → debate over slavery’s expansion

Wilmot Proviso proposed

Heightened sectional division; early sign of Civil War tensions