ECE 2020

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Atom is made of

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51 Terms

1

Atom is made of

nucleus and electrons

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2

Nucleus contains

protons and neutrons

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3

Protons are

positively charged

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4

Electrons are

negatively charged

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5

An electron carries what charge

-1.602x10^(-19)

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6

What can we change about an atom?

only the number of electrons

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7

Law of Conservation of Electric Charge

Charge cannot be created or destroyed, it can only transfer

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8

What has to be true about an atom for it to be negatively charged?

it has to have more electrons than protons

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9

Electric Current

movement of electric charge in a wire over a period of time

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10

Variable for current

i

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11

Current is measured in

amps = Columb's/second

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12

Current flows from what to what?

Higher potential to lower potential

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13

Electron drift goes from what to what?

lower potential to higher potential

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14

Voltage

energy required per unit charge required to move that charge between 2 points

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15

Voltage is measured in what?

Volts = Joule/Columb

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16

Passive Element

electrical component that does not generate power, but dissipates, stores, and/or releases it

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17

Ideal Wire

Conducts charge without loss of potential

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18

Objective of Circuit Analysis

Determine unknown currents and voltages

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19

Branch

single electrical pathway, once you have options, branch is over

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20

Node

Junction of 2 or more branches, charge can flow without crossing a component

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21

Node voltage is always relative to what

the reference node chosen

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22

Components in Series

MUST be on the same branch, share the same current

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23

Components in Parallel

Sharing same nodes on both sides, have the same voltage

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24

To find elements in Parallel

Color each node differently Any 2 elements that have the same 2 colors on each side are in Parallel, they can be chained

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25

Loop

Any closed pathway, required for current to flow

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26

Mesh

A loop that does not contain other loops

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27

Smallest quantity of charge

electron or proton

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28

Unit for charge

Coulomb

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29

Variable for charge

q

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30

Electron Drift

The process of sequential migration of electrons from one atom to the next.

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31

Ohm's law

Current (i) entering + teminal of voltage v across a resistor is given by

i=v/R

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32

Ideal, independent voltage source

provides specified voltage across terminals regardless of load or circuit

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33

Ideal, independent current source

provides specified current flowing through it, regardless of voltage connected to it

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34

Passive sign convention

Direction of current is into +v terminal of device (Current must flow from higher to lower potential)

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35

Resistive Circuit

containing only sources and resistors

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36

Conductivity

measure of how easily electrons drift through material when external voltage is applied across it

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37

Resistivity

inverse of conductivity

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38

Ohm's Law

V=iR

(voltage = current * resistance) ONLY true across a resistor

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39

Ideal Linear Resistor:

One whose resistance is constant and independent of current

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40

Circuit topology

study of geometrical properties of electrical circuits

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41

Kirchoff's Current Law

Algebraic sum of currents entering a node must be zero

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42

Kirchoff's Voltage Law

Algebraic sum of voltages around a closed loop must be zero

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43

Power

Amount of work per unit of time

Power = voltage * current

P=vi

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44

What is the voltage at the ground

0 volts

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45

If power across a component is positive,

then power is dissipated or consumed

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46

If power across a component is negative,

then power is generated or supplied

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47

What do we know about power across a resistor?

it is always positive

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48

Law of conservation of power

the sum of the power in a system is zero

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49

When is Ohm's law true?

ONLY across a resistor

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50

Power across a resistor =

P=v^2/R

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51

Voltage Division

Only applies on resistors in series User KVL at mesh

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