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Twenty per cent of the nucleotides in human DNA are guanine. What is the percentage of thymine?

20 per cent guanine therefore 20 per cent cytosine, as cytosine binds with guanine. This leaves 60 per cent for adenine and thymine, half of which will be thymine.

Activation energy in a biological reaction means?

the energy required to start the reaction

Which of the following graphs best represents an enzyme controlled biochemical reaction as temperature is increased?

Reaction rates will decrease either side of the optimum temperature.

Students conducted a large first-hand investigation into enzyme activity.

The aim in the report is shown:
Aim: To determine the optimum pH of four different enzymes.

How many independent variables were in this first-hand investigation?

2 because 

The independent variable is the factor that the scientist deliberately varies. In the example, the different pH and the different enzymes are independent variables.

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What enzyme forms covalent bonds between restriction fragments?

DNA ligase

Homologous structures

common ancestor

Why does exposing the plants to green or blue light as opposed to white light affect the formation of starch? Justify your answer.

• white light is made up of different colours, or different wavelengths

• green light is reflected

• blue light is absorbed

• light is absorbed in photosynthesis which produces glucose then starch