Chapter 15 - Cell Theory, Prokaryotes, and the Nucleus

organelles

perform specific cellular tasts, most are membrane-bound

cytoplasm

the aqueous environment within a cell

the main features of cells

surrounded by a plasma membrane, contains cytoplasm and organelles, have DNA

ribosomes

organelle that makes protein

peptidoglycan

make up bacteria cell walls

flagella’s purpose in bacterial cells

move the cell around

fimbriae

surface projections that help with attachment and sexual reproduction

archaellum

move archaean cells

nucleus

the cell’s control center, contains DNA

nuclear envelope

double membrane surrounding the nucleus

nuclear pores

allow materials into and out of the nucleus

importins

let materials into the nucleus

exportins

let materials out of the nucleus

capsule

the bacterial cell body

nucleoid

unenclosed cytoplasm region that holds a single circular chromosome

cytosol

fluid part of the cytoplasm

nucleoplasm

the interior environment of the nucleus

nuclear lamina

a fibrous sheet that keeps the shape of the nucleus