the process by which members of a culture learn and internalize shared ideas, values, and beliefs
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Cognitive Dissonance
the theory that people try to avoid conflict between what they think (attitude) and what they do (behaviour)
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Operant Conditioning
A learning process in which one repeats an action or stops an action because of a punishment or reward that follows the action; an association between a behaviour and a consequence.
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Patriarchy
A social system in which power and authority are in the place of men and women are withheld from it.
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Directed Change
Acculturation through dominance of one culture over another, forcing the defeated to change aspects of its culture or its entire culture.
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Self-Actualization
A complete realization of one’s full potential, at the top of Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
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Psychosis
Loosing touch with the real world and may be suffering from delusions and hallucinations.
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Neurosis
Experiencing high levels of anxiety or tension in managing daily life.
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Diffusion
The spread of ideas, methods, symbols and tools from one culture to another.
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Acculturation
Prolonged contact between two cultures, during which time they interchange symbols beliefs, and customs.
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Interaction
Contact with other cultures.
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Behaviour Modification
Theories of psychologists attempting to determine the methods that can successfully change or modify problem human behaviour.
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Tension and Adaptation
The belief that social change results from a process of tension between one aspect of society and the rest.
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Incorporation
Acculturation through free borrowing of ideas and symbols from one culture to another.
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Cultural Evolution
The belief that cultures evolve in common patterns, moving from hunter-gathering cultures to industrialized states in predictable stages.
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Social Change
Changes in the way society is organized, and the beliefs and practices of the people who live in it.
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Reductionist
The cause of change will be reduced to a specific factor.
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Determinist
A specific factor will determine the nature of a social change.
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