quiz - Src regulation and GTPases

phosphorylation of proteins is mediated by the - family of enzymes

kinase

What specific type of kinase is Src and which AA residues does it phosphorylate?

Tyrosine kinase domain, tyrosine residues

what other types of kinase enzymes and which AA residues do they phosphorylate?

serine and threonine kinases, serine and threonine residues

phosphorylation of a protein alters its -, which can then alter the - of the protein and ultimately its -

charge, conformation, functional activity

SH2 and PTB domains recognize and bind to -, allowing for - interaction

phosphotyrosine, protein:protein

two regulatory domains in Src?

SH2 and SH3

- initiates Src activation and causes the - domain to dissociate from - allowing it to bind to a - on the -

tyrosine phosphatase, SH2, inhibitory phosphotyrosine, phosphotyrosine, activating ligand

the catalytic - domain activates Src by - on a - residue

ATP binding, phosphorylation, tyrosine

Ras is a member of the - GTPase family, comprised of - subunit(s), which contains a - binding -

monomeric, one, GTP, pocket

G proteins are -meric, comprised of a -, - and - subunit. Only the - subunit is a - enzyme.

heterotri, alpha, beta, gamma, alpha, GTPase

Ras is regulated by -

effector proteins

Ras-GEF causes - and the functional - of Ras.

dissociation of GDP from GTPase, activation

Ras-GAP promotes - and the functional - of Ras.

GTPase enzyme activity, inactivation

G-proteins associate with a -, which is a - protein located in the plasma membrane. Binding of - to the - causes a conformational change in - and - loading, -(in/activating)- Galpha.

GPCRs, 7 pass transmembrane, ligand, GPCR, Galpha, GTP, activating

- is the “off switch” for all monomeric GTPases and trimeric G-proteins

GTPase enzyme activity

GTPases are functionally active, when they are bound to -

GTP

hydrolysis of - to - switches GTPase off

GTP, GDP

GEF stands for

guanine nucleotide exchange factor

GTPase enzyme activity is increased when Ras binds to -, which generates inactive -

GAP, GDP-bound Ras

Ras-GEF promotes - resulting in rapid - loading and formation of the - conformation

dissociation of GDP, GTP, active

monomeric GTPases include - and trimeric G-proteins include -

Ras, GPCR

GPCRs span the plasma membrane - times and bind to specific -

seven, extracellular ligands

GTP-bound Galpha activates - which dissociate and move within the membrane to - distinct targets

beta/gamma dimer, activate