Med Terminology Final

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Carcin/o

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121 Terms

Carcin/o

cancerous

Ne/o

new or strange

onc/o or -oma

Mass or Tumor

Tox/o

poison, poisonous

Allergen

a substance that causes an allergic reaction in an individual

Antibiotics

A medication that is capable of inhibiting the growth of or killing pathogenic bacterial microorganisms.

Antibody

a disease-fighting protein created by the immune system in response to the presence of a specific antigen

Antigen

any substance that the body regards as being foreign

Anaphylaxis

a severe response to an allergen in which the symptoms develop quickly, and without help, the patient can die within a few minutes.

autoimmune disorder

Any of a large group of diseases characterized by a condition in which the immune system produces antibodies to work against its own tissues, or organs for antigens.

Bacteria

A group of one-celled microscopic organisms, some of which are pathogenic.

infectious mononucleosis

an infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) that is characterized by fever, a sore throat, and enlarged lymph nodes

Parasite

a plant or animal that lives on or within another living organism at the expense of that organism

opportunistic infection

caused by a pathogen that does not normally produce an illness in healthy humans, but is able to cause an infection in a weakened host.

Begnin

Not life-threatening (mass)

Candidiasis

An infection caused by yeast, a type of fungus.

carcinoma in situ

a malignant tumor in its original position that has not yet disturbed or invaded the surrounding tissues

hemolytic

Describes the function of destroying worn-out erythrocytes (red blood cells) and releasing their hemoglobin for reuse.

Cytomegalovirus

A group of large herpes-type viruses found in most body fluids and most often causing an infection without signs or symptoms. Can cause a serious illness when the individual has a weakened immune system or when passed from mother to unborn child.

cytotoxic drug

medication that kills or damages cells

antifungal

an agent that destroys or inhibits the growth of fungi

immunosuppressant

a substance that prevents or reduces the body's normal immune response

immunotherapy

A treatment of disease by either stimulating or repressing the immune response.

teletherapy

radiation therapy administered at a distance from the body that is precisely targeted with the use of three-dimensional computer imaging

Acetabulum

this is a large circular cavity in both sides of the pelvis that articulates with the head of the femur to form the hip joint.

malleolus

the rounded bony protuberance on the tibia and fibula on the sides of each ankle joint

Metacarpals

the five bones that form the palms of the hand

xyphoid process

the bony structure that forms the lowest portion of the sternum

Diaphysis

this is the shaft portion of a long bone

Ankylosing spondylitis

a form of rheumatoid arthritis that primarily causes inflammation of the joints between the vertebrae

Ostheoarthritis

the type of arthritis most commonly associated with aging; also known as wear-and-tear arthritis

Juvenille Rheumatoid Arthritis

An autoimmune disorder that affects children ages 16 years or younger, with symptoms that include stiffness, pain, joint swelling, skin rash, fever, slowed growth, and fatigue.

Rickets

A deficiency disease occurring in children characterized by defective bone growth and caused by a lack of vitamin D.

Paget's disease

A disease of unknown origin that is characterized by extensive breakdown of bone tissue followed by abnormal bone formation.

arthrodesis

this is the surgical fusion of two bones to stiffen a joint

arthrolysis

the surgical loosening of an ankylosed joint

dual x-ray absorptiometry

this is a low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density

orthopedist, orthopedic surgeon

A physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders involving the bones, joints, and muscles.

orthotic

a mechanical appliance, such as a leg brace or splint, that is specially designed to control, correct, or compensate for impaired limb function

chondromalacia

softening of cartilage

costochondritis

this occurs when there is an inflammation of the cartilage that connects one of the ribs to the sternum

Gout

This is a form of arthritis characterized by deposits of uric acid and crystals in the joints

hallux valgus

an abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe, also known as bunion.

Kyphosis

an abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine as viewed from the side; also known as humpback or dowager's hump.

comminuted fracture

This is a fracture where the bone is splintered or crushed

compression fracture

occurs when the bone is pressed together (compressed) on itself

crepitation

the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together

internal fixation

a fracture treatment in which a plate or pins are placed directly into the bone to hold the broken pieces in place

open fracture

A break in which the bone is broken and there is an open wound in the skin; also known as a compound fracture.