Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD and AFLD)

Flashcards about Alcoholic and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Diseases (NAFLD and AFLD)

NAFLD

The most common form of chronic liver disease, the 2nd most common reason for liver transplant, and the 3rd most common cause of HCC; main causes: obesity, diabetes, physical inactivity.

Metabolic Syndrome

The combination of diabetes, hypertension, and obesity; NAFLD represents its hepatic manifestation.

Lean NAFLD

A condition where the patient is of normal weight but has increased visceral fat.

Fatty Liver

A benign syndrome characterized by the disposition of adipose tissue (steatosis) without inflammation (at least 5% steatosis).

NASH (Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis)

Steatosis with inflammation and liver injury (ballooning with or without fibrosis).

Cirrhosis

Irreversible fibrosis and nodular regeneration of the liver.

Kupffer cells

Activation of these cells causes inflammation by activation of stellate cells (fibroblasts) thus causing fibrosis

FIB 4 score & NAFLD fibrosis score

Two main scores to assess fibrosis in NAFLD

Histological criteria for NASH

Steatosis (≥ 5% of hepatic parenchyma), mixed lobular inflammation, Hepatocellular ballooning

AFLD (Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)

Also called Alcoholic Steatohepatitis (ASH), more associated in men with low BMI (opposite to NASH)

Maddrey DF score

A score to assess mortality rate in ASH; if > 32: there is 50% mortality rate

MELD score

A score to assess mortality rate in ASH; if > 20: there is 20% mortality rate