Studied by 17 people
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Proximate Causations
the mechanisms directly underlying the behaviour
Ultimate Causations
the effects of behavior on fitness, through an understanding of the ecology of the organism and its evolution
Kinesis
a movement or activity of a cell or an organism in response to a stimulus, random movements
Taxis
the movement of a cell or organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus, direct orientation towards or away from something
Migration
a pattern of behavior in which animals travel from one habitat to another in search of food, better conditions, or reproductive needs
Circadian Rhythm
a natural oscillation that repeats roughly every 24 hours, process that originates within an organism and responds to the environment
Circannual Rhythm
oscillations in biological processes with period length of approximately 1 year and time changes in the physiology and behavior within each year in long- lived animals
Pheromones
substances which are secreted to the outside by an individual and received by a second individual of the same species
Habituation
the waning of an animal's behavioral response to a stimulus, as a result of a lack of reinforcement during continual exposure to the stimulus
Imprinting
a form of learning in which a very young animal fixes its attention on the first object with which it has visual, auditory, or tactile experience and thereafter follows that object
Sensitive Period
the notion that the effects of environmental stimuli on the developing organism are stronger during certain periods of development
Associative Learning
the process through which organisms acquire information about relationships between events or entities in their environment
Classical Conditioning
the process of an automatic, conditioned response that is paired with a specific stimulus
Operant Conditioning
a method of learning that uses rewards and punishment to modify behavior
Foraging Behavior
all the methods by which an organism acquires and utilizes sources of energy and nutrients
Optimal Foraging Model
generates quantitative predictions of how animals maximize their fitness while they forage
Innate Behaviors
behavior that's genetically hardwired in an organism and can be performed in response to a cue without prior experience
Learned Behaviors
a behavior that an organism develops as a result of experience
Fixed Action Pattern
a predictable series of actions triggered by a cue, sometimes called the key stimulus
Sign Stimulus
the trigger, the determining feature of a stimulus that produces a response
Positive Taxis
towards something
Negative Taxis
away from something
Note 
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