The Enlightenment and The American Revolution Test Review

Salon

A gathering where people could exchange ideas.

Thomas Jefferson

The principal author of the Declaration of Independence.

Denis Diderot

Produced the Encyclopedia (a 28-volume set of books) “to change the general way of thinking.”

George III

A king with a 60-year reign who wanted to reassert royal power, but ended up being blamed for causing the colonies to rebel, and many of his policies were disastrous.

Baroque

A style of art in the age of Louis XIV that was huge, colorful, and full of excitement, which often glorified historic battles or the lives of saints.

Montesquieu

Thought that the government powers should be divided among three branches.

Rococo

A style of art that moved away from religion and was light, elegant, and charming, which was believed to encourage the imagination.

George Washington

He was chosen to lead the American army and was able to be a successful leader despite challenges and later became the nation’s first President.

Popular Sovereignty

States that all government powers come from the people.

Physiocrats supported what government policy?

Laissez-faire, which allows businesses to operate with little or no government interference.

Why did Britain pass the Navigation Acts?

To regulate colonial trade and manufacturing.

In "A Vindication of the Rights of Woman", Mary Wollstonecraft argued that women and men should have equal what?

Equal education

Which enlightened despot traveled among the peasants in disguise to learn about their problems?

Joseph II

Why did Enlightenment writers face censorship?

Because most government and church authorities felt they had a sacred duty to defend the old order.

Why did the Battle of Saratoga mark a turning point in the American Revolution?

j

American leaders gathered in Philadelphia in 1787 to revise what?

The Constitution

What was the result of American colonies being home to diverse groups?

Colonists felt entitled to the rights of English citizens, and their colonial assemblies exercised much control over local affairs. Many also had an increasing sense of their own destiny separate from Britten.

What rules discoverable by reason did Enlightenment thinkers try to apply to the study of human behavior and society?

Reforms of the government, law, and society. Called Philosophers by using methods of science to understand and improve society.

What was an enlightend despot?

Those that did accept new ideas or were absolute rulers who used their power to bring about political and social change.