Any flexible material that is composed of thin films, fibers, yarns, or fabrics.
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Global Textile Complex
Worldwide mix of related industries providing "soft" goods.
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Fabric
A flexible planar substance made from solutions, fibers, yarns, fabrics, or any combination thereof.
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Fiber
The smallest component, hair-like in nature, that can be separated from fabric.
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Yarn
An assemblage of fibers that form continuous strand used in making fabric.
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Nodes
Thick areas of flax fiber.
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Keratin
A natural animal fiber in wool.
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Stifling
Characterized by oppressive heat and humidity.
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Lamb's Wool
Wool removed from animals less than seven months old.
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Medulla
The inner region of an organ or tissue, especially when it is distinguishable from the outer region or cortex (as in a kidney, an adrenal gland, or hair).
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Coloration
Any dyeing or printing process used to add color with dyes or pigments to a textile
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Finish
Converting into a useable product
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Scutching
a process in which bast-fiber plant stems are passed through fluted metal rollers to break up and remove the woody outer layers
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Fibroin
the protein of silk fibers
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Serviceability
Does the textile product meet consumer needs based on performance?
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Sustainability
Does the production of the textile product reduce environmental pollution, not exploit workers or natural resources, and viable for a positive future?
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Momme
a standard way to describe the weight of silk fabrics and is abbreviated mm; one momme weighs 3.75 grams
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Virgin Wool
wool that has never been processed
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Cuticle
A waxy covering on the surface of stems and leaves that acts as an adaptation to prevent desiccation in terrestrial plants.
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Tow
Coarse broken flax or hemp fiber prepared for spinning
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Bast Fibers
are from fibrous part of the plant stem
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Retting
natural degeneration of fibers
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Hackling
process of separating bast fiber bundles into individual fibers and removing short irregular fibers
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Line
Narrow ridge of bone; less prominent than a crest
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Hygroscopic
Absorbing moisture readily.
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Fiber Crimp
Indicates waves, bends, coils, or curls along the length or knitting.
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Fabric Crimp
Indicates bends in yarns as a result of weaving or knitting.
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Lanolin
oil from sheep wool
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How do you identify unknown fibers?
Visual inspection, burn test, microscopic appearance, or a solubility test.
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Recycled Wool
wool that has been processed into fabrics, garnetted, and processed into another fabric
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Cortex
outer region of an organ
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Convolutions
enables fine cotton yarns of adequate strength to be spun.
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Breaking
Maximum tensile force when the specimen is stretched to break
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Linen
a fabric made from flax; noted for its strength, coolness, and luster
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Cottonization
to cut a fiber into short lengths for processing on equipment designed for cotton
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Sericin
the water-soluble protective gum that surrounds silk when extruded by a caterpillar
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Wool
a fabric made from the hair of sheep
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Washable Wool
Treated with chemicals to destroy the scales, decreases strength & durability, coat wool with a resin which forms a thin plastic skin over each fiber
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Felting
A method for converting yarn into fabric by matting the fibres together.
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Why study textiles?
to understand industry terminology and processes, recognize textiles with your senses, understand what a textile can do, and communicate textile information.
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Various Goods
Piece, Gray, Soft, Coloration, Finish
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Textile Categories
Apparel, Interior, Technical, Smart
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Voluntary Programs
Size label, trade name or mark, certification, licensing, warranty
Studied by 13 people
