Ap World Unit 1

Sunni

one of groups that formed after Muhammad died. Thought that caliph should be selected.

Shi'as

one of groups that formed after Muhammad died. Thought that caliph should be bloodline.

Tang Dynasty

expanded borders, learned 2grow fast-ripening rice, expanded civil service exams, invented gunpowder/paper money, invented tribute system

Song Dynasty

after Tang Dynasty, leading prod in iron, steel, silk, porcelain.

Shinto

japan's official religion

Ghana

got rich from intro of sadle/camel-could trade long distance. Had one town w/Muslims, one where kings live.

Who established/beat Ghana

Soninke ppl established. Almoravids.

Great Zimbabwe

dominated from 12th-15th. downfall cuz of reduced goldmines.

North India and South Asia

North India had lots of invasions, South Asia had boom cuz of trade.

Europe

Invasions from NEuro from Vikings, WEuro separated into fiefdoms/dutchies-pushed traders away-didn't benefit from Afro-Eurasian trade.

Christianity

United C/WEuro. Divided into Roman Catholic in W and Orthodox in E cuz French king was bestowed "king of Romans" from Pope.

America

Toltecs from 10th-adopted Mayan practices/influenced Aztecs. Mississippian civilization from 8th-16th.

Silk Road flourished

Nomads/Parthians helped keep it safe.

Zhang Jian

Teotihuacancredited w/discovering trade routes for China that began Silk Road. Discovered horses/brought back plants.

Caravans

had good relations w/Parthians. Sold goods in CAsia cities which made them grow.

Inventions in CAsia

chariot warfare/mounted bow. Stirrup.

Boats/stuff used on IOT

China discovered monsoon winds, Mediterranean sailors used square sails, IO boats used triangular lateen sails.

Sahara

dried out by 300 B.C.E/restricted travelers-trans Saharan caravan routes increased.

Saharan Culture/trade

pastorial culture. Camel domestication for trade. Traded forest products

Afr Culture

Social categories like age group, gender, kingship. Music, dancing wearing masks used in social rituals.

Bantu migrations

cause for spread of iron in SAfr.

Teotihuacan

Human sacrifices, pyramids for sun/moon. Elite families controlled economy. Drained swamps/built chinampas-agr stuff.

Maya

Linked king's power 2sun gods/Venus, Pyramids were reaching out 2heaven/door was underworld. Cosmos had 3 layers-humans in 2nd layer. Did calendar/math stuff.

Toltecs

Lots of military power. 2 chieftans/kings shared power-eventually weakened them. Human sacrifices.

Aztecs

Power grew thru political alliances/conquests. Twin capitals-Tenochtitlan, Tlatelolco. Rulers decided by aristocrats-had 2do military conquests. Had tribute system. Human sacrifice 2keep sun around. No money only barter.

Hohokam

Constructed irrigation that was 18 miles long.

Anasaz

Bult high in caves cuz of drought. Econ based on maize, beans, squash. Underground buildings used for pottery/religious rituals.

Hopewell

Mound builder. Depended on hunting/gathering. Big earth works. Long distance trade prov more food/luxuries.

Mississippian Culture

Mound builder. Canoe based trading w/Illinois. Adopted bow and arrow. Cahoka controlled surrounding land/had largest mound in NU.S.

Andean Civilization

Ayllu-clan that held land communally/expected labor 2chief. Mit'a-labor draft that had members of ayllu work. Agr-drainage, irrigation. Built roads. Used llama for long distance trade.

Inca

Had 4 provinces. Used vertical exchange system 2distribute resources across empire. Used mit'a and ayllu. Drained swamps n stuff. Depended on llama/alpaca.

Abbasid Caliphate

Islam got golden age. Made advances in medicine, built astronomical observations, dev algebra, preserved Greek/Roman text. Dar-al-Islam is the whole Islamic thing (House of Islam).

Jizya

Poll tax that non-Muslims had to pay when living within a Abbasid Caliphate dynasty.

Abbasid Caliphate intellectual innovation

the intellectual innovations went 2Euro and influenced Renaissance