1. Continuous body- legislative body, such as the U.S. Senate, that achieves stability by staggering the
terms of its members to prevent more than a minority of seats from changing in a single election.
3. Special Session- Only the president can call one of these, emergency meeting of Congress
4. President Pro Tempore- presides over the senate when the VP is absent, handles the day to day
business of the senate
5. Term- how long members of Congress hold office
6. Gerrymander- manipulate the boundaries of a district so as to favor one party
9. Quorum- minimum number of members needed to be present to make a vote valid
10. Bicameral- 2 house legislature
11. Unicameral- one house legislature
12. Expressed Powers- specifically named in the Constitution. They are sometimes called delegated
powers or enumerated powers.
13. Hopper- Box used to introduce bills in the House of Representatives
14. Implied Powers- not been explicitly granted by the Constitution, given by the necessary and proper
clause, needed to carry out the expressed powers
15. Impeachment- power of Congress, a way to bring charges against the president for any high crimes
committed while in office , power held by House of Representatives
16. Reapportion- redistribute
17. Joint Committee- committee made up of members of both chambers of a bicameral legislature.
18. Standing Committee- permanent committees found in each chamber of Congress
19. Conference Committee- temporary joint committee created to iron out differences in bill from both
chambers, come up with a compromise bill that both chambers will accept before it goes to the president
Select Committee: A committee formed to conduct investigations on a specific topic.
20. compensation
Eminent Domain- the right of a government to take private property for public use, with payment of
22. responsibility
Separation of Powers- government is divided into branches, each with different powers and
24. Pocket Veto- If congress adjourns the session within 10 days of submitting the bill and the president
does not act, the measure dies.
25. Veto- refusal to sign a bill
26. Cloture- limited debate , need a majority vote to set a limit on floor time in Senate
27. Copyright- law that gives the owner of a work (for example, a book, movie, picture, song or
website) the right to say how other people can use it
28. Patent- gives an inventor the right to stop other people making or using their invention
21. Filibuster- an attempt to talk a bill to death, stalling tactic to attempt to delay or prevent Senate
action on a measure
30. Formal Qualifications of a HOR: At least 25 years old, have been a citizen for at least 7 years, live
in state from which they are running
31. There are 435 members in the HOR and that number is found after they reapportion after a Census
MI has 13 reps
32. Formal Qualifications for Senators:2 senators from each state, at least 30, a citizen for 9 years, live
in the state from which they are chosen
33. There are 100 Senators
34. Senate terms are 6 years, House is 2 years
42. The Vice President is the President of the Senate and their role is to preside over the Senate only
on ceremonial occasions or when a tie-breaking vote may be needed
The Speaker of the House is in charge in the House of Representatives
What is the job of the president pro tempore? To fill in if the senate president (VP) is absent
36. Congressional Districts are drawn by State Legislators
37. How can Gerrymandering be used to the advantage of one political party?
It can pack the opposing party voters into one area or spread them thinly so they won’t win
38. numbered year
Congressional elections are the Tuesday after the first Monday in November of every even
40. Who screens the bills that may be made into laws?
Congress/Committees in congress
41. Why are committees created?
To divide the workload within Congress
44. What are the expressed powers of Congress?
Power to declare war, tax, copyright/patent, naturalize citizens, create a post office, print money
45. What are the non legislative powers of Congress?
Impeach, propose Constitutional amendments, investigate, elect president if electoral college tie
47. What is the Necessary and Proper Clause?
Elastic clause, to do whatever is necessary and proper to carry out the expressed powers
Why was it included in the Constitution?
To make sure the expressed powers were carried out
49. Bill to law process
Look at a flowchart!
Introduced - sent to committee- if it survives, to the floor for debate- conference committee-
president
50. Where do most bills “die”? Committee
51. What are the options for a president once they have received a bill passed by Congress?
Sign it, veto it, set it aside for 10 days and then congress adjourns and is no longer in session so it
automatically vetoes (also known as a pocket veto)
52. Congress can override a Presidential veto with ⅔ vote in both chambers
53. What are the rules of debate for the house? Senate?
House: no one member can speak for more than 5 min
Senate: they can filibuster. Filibuster can end with Cloture or a majority vote to discuss bill again
54. In what ways does Congress check the power of the other branches of government?
- Judicial branch: congress can impeach judges and remove them
- Executive branch: approve presidential nominations, override vetoes with majority vote
27th Amendment deals with Congressional Pay