Separation of Powers and Checks & Balances

Flashcards covering key concepts of Separation of Powers, Checks and Balances, and the structures of the Legislative, Executive, and Judicial branches of the U.S. government.

What is the main purpose of the separation of powers in government?

To ensure that no one branch has too much power by dividing government responsibilities among the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

What are checks and balances?

A system that allows each branch of government to influence the actions of the other branches to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

How many members are in the House of Representatives?

435 members.

What powers does the legislative branch of the US government hold?

To pass laws, declare war, ratify treaties, and levy taxes.

Who appoints the justices of the Supreme Court?

The President appoints Supreme Court justices, who must then be confirmed by the Senate.

What is the Chief Justice's role during impeachment trials?

The Chief Justice presides over impeachment trials.

What is the Commerce Clause?

It gives Congress the power to regulate all business activities that cross state lines or affect more than one state or other nations.

What does the Necessary and Proper Clause allow Congress to do?

It permits Congress to make all laws necessary and proper for carrying out its powers.

What is the significance of the Supremacy Clause?

It establishes that national laws take precedence over state laws when the national government acts within its constitutional limits.

What is the term length for a Senator?

6 years.

What is a filibuster?

A tactic for delaying or obstructing legislation by making long speeches on the Senate floor.

What is the role of the President as Commander in Chief?

The President commands the military forces of the United States.

What is executive privilege?

The right of the President to keep certain communications confidential to protect the national interest.

Define 'impeachment'

The process by which the House of Representatives can accuse the President, Vice President, or other civil officers of high crimes and misdemeanors.

What are reserved powers?

Powers not specifically granted to the federal government and therefore reserved for the states, as established by the 10th amendment.