Results for "Free-Trade"

Economics: Test 1 - Free Trade + Protection

Restrictions of free trade 4.1.6.2

4.1.6 restrictions on free trade

4.1.6 Restrictions on free trade

Identifying with one's own nations and support of its interests Idea that Nation (people) should be the state (country) Nation People who share a common culture, language, territory, and government 1848 Revolutions Wanted liberal change, heavily influenced by ideas of Enlightenment -Democratic -Nationalistic Italy was divided into multiple kingdoms and city states Northern Italy to rebel and unite under King Victor Emmanuel of Piedmont Sardinia Constitutional monarchy Giuseppe Garibaldi leads Red Shirt rebels in the south Too radical and southern Italians join with northern Kingdom of Piedmont and Sardinia 1871 Italy Fully United Italy becomes united under Constitutional Monarchy Prussia and Austria emerge as two major German powers Otto Von Bismarck Chancellor of Prussia Unite German people under Prussian leadership Realpolitik Politics based on reality not morals 1871 German Empire created Ottoman empire Ruled by Turks Extremely diverse Culturally Ethnically Religiously Ottoman empire Muhammad Ali fights war with Ottomans Tie results in Egypt being independent Selim III tries to modernize and reform based on enlightenment Janissaries resist Balkans independence Russia supports fellow Slavs, Serbia effectively Independent 1815 Western Europe helps the Greeks (nationalism/racism) Greece Independant 1829 Ottoman empire loses territory in Europe and Africa to independence movements Ottoman empire known as “the sick man of Europe” Topic 5.3 Industrial Revolution Begins Thematic Focus - Economics Systems (ECN) As societies develop, they affect and are affected by the ways that they produce, exchange, and consume goods and services. Learning Objective  1 Explain how economic systems transformed during the period of 1750-1900. Historical Developments Summarize industrialization and its impact. (see 5.3 reading guide) Industrialization, the increased mechanization of production, and the Social! changes that accompanied this shift, had their roots in several influences. Such as Increased agricultural production and greater individual accumulation of capital. I reshaped Society, increasing world population, shitting people from farm to city, and expanding the production and consumption of goods Thematic Focus - Humans and the Environment (ENV) The environment shapes human societies, and as populations grow and change, these populations in turn shape their environments. Learning Objective 2 Explain how environmental factors contributed to industrialization from 1750 to 1900. Historical Developments Britain’s Industrial Advantages • Mineral and colonel resources - used resources for fuel and manufacturing  • Good environment - rives made transportation cheap • Strong fleet- let resources from colonies to be brought to Britain shortly  • Growth- farmers growing more food meant fewer people had to grow their own • End enclosure movement- The government stopped providing farmland which made people move to urban places  Describe the features of the Cottage Industry • It's a pull-out system • Merchants proved cotton to women who spun it into finished cotton at home • Cotton industries gave women independence •  The cotton industry was slow so people demanded faster processes, due to people wanting faster process it led to faster machinery  Explain the development of the factory system and how it relates to specialization of labor.  The factory system used special machinery was also a new way of making products, it increased efficiency and reduced the need for manual labor. It was similar to specialisation of labor the increase efficiency and productivity in production Topic 5.5 Technology of the Industrial Age Thematic Focus - Technology and Innovation (TEC) Human adaptation and innovation have resulted in increased efficiency, comfort, and security, and technological advances have shaped human development and interactions with both intended and unintended consequences Learning Objective 3 Explain how technology shaped economic production over time. Historical Developments A. Explain the impact of the technologies of the first Industrial Revolution. Factory system technology improved systems and grew technologies to be more efficient  Steam engine Powered trains→ Bigger train industry, used for traveling jobs, replacing sails trade and fast communication around the world   Coal Used to heat up stream from the steam engine but causes pollution  B. Explain the impact of the technologies of the Second Industrial Revolution.   Steel Bessmer process mass produces steel from pig iron making railroads Chemicals Led to the development of new materials and product Electricity Has powered machinery, led to an increase in population/efficiency in factories  Oil Was used for cars/mechanic cars, to power cars focused on maximizing product efficiently  C. Explain how technologies impacted trade and migration.  The change increased the rise of maritime trading empires, People were able to shift from farm to city increasing world Production and expanding the production and consumption of goods Topic 5.6 Industrialization: Government’s Role from 1750 to 1900 Thematic Focus - Governance (GOV) A variety of internal and external factors contribute to state formation, expansion, and decline. Governments maintain order through a variety of administrative institutions, policies, and procedures, and governments obtain, retain, and exercise power in different ways and for different purposes. Learning Objective 4 Explain the causes and effects of economic strategies of different states and empires. Historical Developments As the influence of the Industrial Revolution grew, a small number of states and governments promoted their own state-sponsored visions of industrialization.  Answer the following questions to explain the state-sponsored  industrialization of Japan. a. What was the historical situation of Japan in the 1800s?  The emperor was at the highest point of the social hierarchy, but the shogun and daimyo had the power  b. Describe the threat Japan faced from Western powers. The US came with modernized equipment their ships looked intimidating and forced Japan to open trading ports c. What was Japan’s response to the Western threats? Japan created trading ports with the US  and became more modernized  d. Define MEIJI RESTORATION and identify key changes it made.  The emperor wanted to modernize but the Shoguns and daimyo didn’t want to so the emperor won they made Japan modernized by becoming more Westernized and pro-business Topic 5.7 Economic Developments and Innovations in the Industrial Age  Thematic Focus - Economics Systems (ECN) As societies develop, they affect and are affected by the ways that they produce, exchange, and consume goods and services. Learning Objective 9. Explain the development of economic systems, ideologies, and institutions and how they contributed to change in the period from 1750 to 1900. Historical Developments A. Western European countries began abandoning mercantilism and adopting free trade policies. Define the following terms to demonstrate an understanding of the developing economic systems. ADAM SMITH • Wrote “Wealth of Nations”  • Established the idea of private owner ship of industry and business LAISSEZ FAIRE CAPITALISM • Laissez -Faire “Leave Alone” “Hands Off!” ◦ Little to no government involvement in business ◦ Reduce tariffs on trade(don’t penalize imports and exports with tax=free trade) • FREE MARKETS Mercantilism • Government run companies believing ... • fixed amount of wealth • Wealth = amount of silver + Gold you have • Export more than import • Colonies serves as resources STOCK MARKETS capitalism • No limit to earn wealth • supply and  demand should be bought + sold • minimal govt intervention LIMITED-LIABILITY CORPORATIONS Corporation • Business run by lots of people • Stockholders buy parts of companies • corporations made profit  • if Corporations go out of business stockholders only lost the amount they put in the business C. The development of industrial capitalism led to changes in social life. Explain the changes as they relate to -  consumerism Working class and middle class had time to shop and have money from working in the factories standard of living • The working class who worked at the factories lived in the slums which were crowded, unsanitary condition, dirty  leisure time Companies encouraged leisure activities like baseball because it taught hard work, discipline, teamwork, and rule following  Topic 5.8 Reactions to the Industrial Economy from 1750 to 1900 Thematic Focus - Social Interactions and Organization (SIO) The process by which societies group their members and the norms that govern the interactions between these groups and between individuals influence political, economic, and cultural institutions and organization.. Learning Objective 10. Explain the causes and effects of calls for changes in industrial societies from 1750 to 1900. In response to the social and economic changes brought about by industrial capitalism, some governments, organizations, and individuals promoted various types of political, social, educational, and urban reforms A.  Explain how workers organized themselves to improve working conditions, limit hours, and gain higher wages.  Workers rise up and rebeled against the capitalist business owners and they revolted against the upper class B. Discontent with established power structures encouraged the development of various ideologies, including socialism and communism.  Identify the people and key points of each ideology. KARL MARX & FRIEDRICH ENGELS • German journalist • Appalled at the horrible working conditions in the factories • He blamed capitalism • Big business owner dont care about workers- just for profit $$$  SOCIALISM • New governmet ownership of industry  • Resources distributed all • High taxes support government (helthcare,education,safty net) • Goal of classless society  COMMUNISM • Advanced stage of Socialism • Classless society is achieved • Everyone is equal economically, politically, socially therefore… • No government is needed • No $ is needed  •  No need for national borders = world peace C. In response to the expansion of industrializing states, some governments in Asia and Africa, including the Ottoman Empire and Qing China, sought to reform and modernize their economies and militaries. Reform efforts were often resisted by some members of government or established elite groups. Topic 5.9 Society and the Industrial Age Thematic Focus - Social Interactions and Organization (SIO) The process by which societies group their members and the norms that govern the interactions between these groups and between individuals influence political, economic, and cultural institutions and organization. Learning Objective 11. Explain how industrialization caused change in existing social hierarchies and standards of living. Historical Developments A. Because of changing economic systems, new social classes developed during the Industrial Era. Identify and define the 2 new classes.   1. bourgeoisie 2. proletarians B. The Industrial Revolution had a profound impact on the lives of all people. Describe the impacts on the following groups:  Demographic Group Impact Working class • Strict schedules • Low pay • dangerous tasks Family • families had to move to rural to urban • Families lived in slums which were unsanitary  Children • children had to work in factories • Children worked long hours and lower pay • children faced dangerous tasks to do Women • Women had more independence  • Women had shifted from working at home to factories • Early feminism . C. The rapid industrialization and  urbanization led to a variety of environmental challenges. Identify at least 3 environmental problems created by urbanization and the Industrial Revolution.  Air pollution was happening because of factories using coal to for machinery and causing smoke to pollute the air, water pollution was caused by factories dumping toxins into rivers and deforestation because of the population growing in cities natural lands have to be clearing for housing, factories, roads,  Topic 5.10 Continuity and Change in the Industrial Age The final topic in this unit focuses on the skill of argumentation and so provides an opportunity for your students to draw upon the key concepts and historical developments they have studied in this unit. Using evidence relevant to this unit’s key concepts, students should practice the suggested skill for this topic. Learning Objective Explain the extent to which industrialization brought change from 1750 to 1900. Historical Developments • The development of industrial capitalism led to increased standards of living for some, and to continued improvement in manufacturing methods that increased the availability, affordability, and variety of consumer goods. ◦ Railroads, steamships, and the telegraph made exploration, development, and communication possible in interior regions globally, which led to increased trade and migration. • The 18th century marked the beginning of an intense period of revolution and rebellion against existing governments, leading to the establishment of new nation-states around the world. ◦ Enlightenment philosophies applied new ways of understanding and empiricist approaches to both the natural world and human relationships; they also reexamined the role that religion played in public life and emphasized the importance of reason. Philosophers developed new political ideas about the individual, natural rights, and the social contract. ◦ The rise and diffusion of Enlightenment thought that questioned established traditions in all areas of life often preceded revolutions and rebellions against existing governments

Restrictions of Free trade

Restrictions on free trade 4.

Economics - Restrictions on Free Trade

Global economic history lecture 8 (Globalisation and free trade)

Free Trade Video

The New Free Trade Heel

ecutive Branch Study Guide Key Define: - Electorate - Treaty - people in a country or area who are entitled to vote in an election. - International agreement between two or more states in reference to peace, alliance, commerce, or other international relations - Signed by president but approved by Senate - State of the Union - Speech by the president given to both chambers of Congress - Gives a summary of the country - Bureaucracy - Large, complex administrative structure that handles the everyday business of an organization - Independent Agency - Additional agency outside of cabinet departments, with specialized functions - NASA, SSA, epa - Try to be bipartisan and out of politics, - Independent regulatory commission, - Has an economic focus - FCC, FRB, SEC - government corporation - USPS, amtrak - Department - Agencies of cabinet level rank - All of the cabinet departments Hierarchical Authority - Organization that is structured like a pyramid, with a chain of command running from the top down to its base - - Job Specialization - Each person has certain duties and responsibilities - Division of labor - Executive order - rule or order issued by the president to the executive branch of the government and having the force of law. - Law without the legislative branch Know - 8 roles of the president - Duties, examples, responsibilities - Chief Citizen - Representative of people of the USA - Visit locations of natural disasters - Chief of State - Acts as the ceremonial face of the nation - Has power in domestic and foreign affairs - Hands out medals - Chief Executive - Boss of the federal government departments/organization - Holding cabinet meetings - Commander in Chief - In charge of armed forces - Visits military bases - Economic Chief - Expected to help economy run smoothly - Meet with economic advisors - Meet with business leaders - Chief Legislator - Main architect of nation’s public policy - Signs or vetoes laws - Chief Diplomat - Conducts foreign policy - Meets with government officials - Chief of Party - Help to get members of party elected - Leader of the party - Speaking at rally for senate nominee - Formal qualifications of the President - 35 years old - Natural Born Citizen - Live in US for 14 years - Salary of the President - $400,000 - May not be changed during term - $50,000 expense allowance - Presidential Terms - Number allowed and amendment that established this - 2 terms - 22nd Amendment - What caused this? - FDR had been elected to 4 terms - Presidential Succession - Amendment number - 25 - Presidential disability - VP and Cabinet decide on president ability - First 5 people in order of succession - VP - Speaker of the House - President Pro Tempore - Secretary of State - Secretary of the Treasury - War Powers Resolution - Purpose - To limit the president’s war making powers after Vietnam - Check the powers of the president - 3 provisions - Must report scope of action to Congress within 48 hours - Must commit to ending in 60 days - Congress can withdraw troops at anytime - Examples of Undeclared Wars - Vietnam - Korea - Iraq - Foreign Policy - Goals: National security, promote peace, spread democracy, promote trade, provide aid - Treaties and Groups - NA TO - North Atlantic Treaty Organization - Peaceful relations in atlantic nations post WW2 - Military alliance - USMCA - United States Mexico Canada Agreement - Promote free trade in North America - UN - United Nations - Keep future nations out of war - Maintain peace and security - Job of the Vice President - Formal responsibilities - Be the President of the Senate - Take over/decide the case of Presidential Disability - Cabinet departments - What are they? Executive departments, top advisors to the president - ** Review what they deal with and what they do - - - Who must approve cabinet appointments? - Senate Features of a Bureaucracy - Hierarchical authority - Structured like a pyramid - Chain of command running from few at the top to many at the bottom - Job specialization - Everyone in the hierarchy has certain duties and responsibilities - Formalized rules - Work gets done according to a number of established procedures Checks and Balances of Executive branch - Purpose of Executive Orders - To push through agenda and policies without waiting for Congress - Must relate to how the executive branch operates or be a power of the president - Helps the president address a wide range of issue

Executive Branch Study Guide Define: Electorate Treaty State of the Union Bureaucracy Independent agency Know the different types and examples of them Department (Include Examples) Hierarchical authority Job specialization Executive ORders Know 8 roles of the president Duties, examples, responsibilities Formal qualifications of the President Salary of the President Salary and benefits Presidential Terms Number allowed and amendment that established this What caused this? How long can a president be in office? Presidential Succession Amendment number First 5 people in order of succession War Powers Resolution Purpose 3 provisions Examples of Undeclared Wars Foreign Policy Goals of Foreign Policy Foreign Policy throughout history Treaties and Trade/Peacekeeping Groups USA is involved in What are their purposes? NATO NAFTA/USMCA UN Job of the Vice President Formal Qualifications Cabinet departments What are they? (15) Who must approve cabinet appointments? Purpose of EO Executive Branch Study Guide Key Define: Electorate people in a country or area who are entitled to vote in an election. Treaty International agreement between two or more states in reference to peace, alliance, commerce, or other international relations Signed by president but approved by Senate State of the Union Speech by the president given to both chambers of Congress Gives a summary of the country Bureaucracy Large, complex administrative structure that handles the everyday business of an organization Independent Agency Additional agency outside of cabinet departments, with specialized functions NASA, SSA, epa Try to be bipartisan and out of politics, Independent regulatory commission, Has an economic focus FCC, FRB, SEC government corporation USPS, amtrak Department Agencies of cabinet level rank All of the cabinet departments Hierarchical Authority Organization that is structured like a pyramid, with a chain of command running from the top down to its base Job Specialization Each person has certain duties and responsibilities Division of labor Executive order rule or order issued by the president to the executive branch of the government and having the force of law. Law without the legislative branch Know 8 roles of the president Duties, examples, responsibilities Chief Citizen Representative of people of the USA Visit locations of natural disasters Chief of State Acts as the ceremonial face of the nation Has power in domestic and foreign affairs Hands out medals Chief Executive Boss of the federal government departments/organization Holding cabinet meetings Commander in Chief In charge of armed forces Visits military bases Economic Chief Expected to help economy run smoothly Meet with economic advisors Meet with business leaders Chief Legislator Main architect of nation’s public policy Signs or vetoes laws Chief Diplomat Conducts foreign policy Meets with government officials Chief of Party Help to get members of party elected Leader of the party Speaking at rally for senate nominee Formal qualifications of the President 35 years old Natural Born Citizen Live in US for 14 years Salary of the President $400,000 May not be changed during term $50,000 expense allowance Presidential Terms Number allowed and amendment that established this 2 terms 22nd Amendment What caused this? FDR had been elected to 4 terms Presidential Succession Amendment number 25 Presidential disability VP and Cabinet decide on president ability First 5 people in order of succession VP Speaker of the House President Pro Tempore Secretary of State Secretary of the Treasury War Powers Resolution Purpose To limit the president’s war making powers after Vietnam Check the powers of the president 3 provisions Must report scope of action to Congress within 48 hours Must commit to ending in 60 days Congress can withdraw troops at anytime Examples of Undeclared Wars Vietnam Korea Iraq Foreign Policy Goals: National security, promote peace, spread democracy, promote trade, provide aid Treaties and Groups NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organization Peaceful relations in atlantic nations post WW2 Military alliance USMCA United States Mexico Canada Agreement Promote free trade in North America UN United Nations Keep future nations out of war Maintain peace and security Job of the Vice President Formal responsibilities Be the President of the Senate Take over/decide the case of Presidential Disability Cabinet departments What are they? Executive departments, top advisors to the president ** Review what they deal with and what they do Who must approve cabinet appointments? Senate Features of a Bureaucracy Hierarchical authority Structured like a pyramid Chain of command running from few at the top to many at the bottom Job specialization Everyone in the hierarchy has certain duties and responsibilities Formalized rules Work gets done according to a number of established procedures Checks and Balances of Executive branch Purpose of Executive Orders To push through agenda and policies without waiting for Congress Must relate to how the executive branch operates or be a power of the president Helps the president address a wide range of issues

SESSION 03 FREE TRADE AREAS AND ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIPS ASEAN, ASEAN+, PJEPA, PH-EFTA

ten principles of free trade

free trade (copy)

free trade

4.1.6 Restrictions on Free Trade (copy)

Nation X Is Taking Actions That Nation Y Finds Objectionable. What Cour Of Actions, Short Of War, Could Nation Y Do To Impact Nation X'S Economy? What Is The Difference Between Comparative And Absolute Advantage? Give An Example Of Comparative Advantage. Give An Example Of Absolute Advantage. Exports - Imports = Nations Depend Upon Each Other For Necessities. Give An Example Of An Import The Us Requires And From Whom It Imports It From. Do The Same With Exports. What Impact Does A Tariff Have On The Price Of A Good? What Are The Advantages And Disadvantages Of Nafta? What Tools Could We Put In Place To Protect Domestic Manufacturing? Why Might Businesses Outsource Jobs From The U.S. To The Third World? Terms To Define: Import Export Tariff Protectionism Nafta Free Trade Balance Of Trade Absolute Advantage Comparative Advantage Embargo Domestic Business Foreign Business Trade Barrier

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