Results for "Bodhisattva"

RELGION It is known more through legend than through fact. Full accounts of the Buddha’s life were not written down until hundreds of years after his death. What are the Three Jewels? The Sangha: community of monks and nuns (monastic) The Dharma: the teachings of the Buddha The Buddha Who do Mahayanists offer devotion to? They devote themselves to meditation full-time. Why is the koan practiced? It is used to break down thought patterns; it’s a verbal puzzle or riddle that’s not meant to be solved. Which sect of Zen Buddhism believes that enlightenment (satori) is instantaneous? The Rinzai believe that enlightenment is instantaneous. What are the two sects of Zen Buddhism? Rinzai: believes that enlightenment is instantaneous and that Zen training begins after one’s first enlightenment (satori) Soto: believe that enlightenment is a more gradual process. What are the Three sects of Buddhism that we learned about in class? Theravada: The Way of the Elders, original sect, “the Lesser Vehicle,” emphasis on meditation to attain enlightenment, found in southeast Asia and Sri Lanka. Mahayana: The “Greater Vehicle,” achieves enlightenment through meditation, central belief that Buddha would not pass completely into Nirvana until every person, every blade of grass had also reached enlightenment. Can also receive enlightenment like a gift from the Buddha. Offer devotion to Bodhisattvas (others who achieved enlightenment), also include the Zen tradition. Buddha-hood is more important than achieving Nirvana according to a Mahayanist Vajrayana: The “diamond vehicle,” found in Tibet, influenced by the Bon religion native to Tibet, seeks to acquire and channel energy to cut apart what binds us to this world (known as tantra). Which sect is the original Buddhism? Theravada is the original sect of Buddhism. Which sect uses tantras to harness and channel energy? Vajrayana uses tantras to harness and channel energy. What are the three tantras? These practices to utilize energy include: Mandalas (art), Mudras (hand gestures), and Mantras (chanted syllables or prayers) In Zen Buddhism, is satori permanent? No, it can be lost once it has been achieved, you have to keep working for it once you have it. What does dharma mean in Buddhism? Dharma is the teachings of the Buddha and is one of the three jewels. Is dharma the same in Buddhism as it is in Hinduism? No, in Hinduism its one’s righteous duty while in Buddhism its the teachings of the Buddha. Is Buddha a god? No, Buddha is a regular man. Is enlightenment a solitary process, not dependent on the divine? Yes, it is a solitary process; Buddhism does not depend on a revelation from the divine for its truths. What is the Sangha? The first Buddhist monastic community, both men and women. To be part of the Sangha one must understand that everything depends on something else. Everything is interconnected. Which sect is the Diamond Vehicle? Vajrayana is the diamond vehicle. Which sect is the Lesser Vehicle? Theravada is the lesser vehicle. Which sect is the Greater Vehicle? Mahayana is the the greater vehicle. Who practices the first five Precepts of Buddhism? All Buddhists must follow the first five Precepts of Buddhism. What are the four passing sights, which one gave Gautama hope? He meets a decrepit old man—had never seen old age, everyone gets old He sees a diseased man, “How can life be enjoyed, if disease is all around?” Encounters a corpse, witnessing death for the first time, “How do you continue to go on living if it only ends in death?” Finally he meets an ascetic, a religious man who chose to be homeless living a life of solitude and self-denial. This was the sight that gave him hope. Which class and status was Gautama born into? He was born a prince (Luxury; warriors) When (what did he discover) did Gautama gain enlightenment? He discovered the four noble truths To live is to suffer (Dukkha–means suffering) Suffering is caused by desire (Tanha in Pali) Suffering can be ended, brought about by the cessation of desire. End desire, end suffering. Have there been other Buddhas and will there be more? Yes How does a Buddhist attain salvation? Following the noble eight fold path. What did Gautama find when he looked deep inside himself? He became aware of his own previous lifetimes, seeing his death and rebirths and constant suffering. What are the Three Marks of Existence, and what do they summarize? Anatta: no self, no ultimate reality within Anicca: means impermanence/change, all things are changing, things always fleeting—person always unsatisfied Dukkha: means suffering, only real inevitability in life. What does taking refuge in the Three Jewels mean? Involves repeating a ritual formula 3 times. Amounting to a formal acknowledgement of the authority of the three Jewels and indicates a definite commitment to being a Buddhist The easiest way to describe the Noble Eightfold Path would be to say that it promotes a life of moderation which entails ongoing practices. How one frees oneself from desire What is NOT a part of the Noble Eightfold Path? Which sect of Buddhism comes from the Indian dhyana tradition which means meditation? Zen Buddhism What is the largest division of Buddhism? Mahayana Which sect is also known as Tibetan Buddhism? Vajrayana What is the Awakened One? The Buddha Which sect is known as the school of Sudden Awakening? Zen Buddhism (rinzai) Eternal Bliss in Buddhism is called? Nirvana Who is the Head of the Vajrayana Buddhist clergy? Dalai Lama What are choreographed hand movements in Buddhism called? Mudras What is zazen? Posture; lotus position with half opened eyes directed downward What is the Dokusan? Monks meet with their teachers who pose a koan to them. What is a mantra? Chanted syllables or prayers (oommmmmm) What is a koan? Special riddle which is meant to free the person from the confines of logic. What are mandalas? Elaborate sand paintings created in a state of utter mindfulness What are the Four Noble Truths and what is the significance of these truths? To live is to suffer. The basic reality of life: Life is suffering (Dukkha–means suffering) Suffering is caused by desire. It is called “tanha” in Pali. Suffering can be brought to cessation, to an end. The cessation of suffering is brought about by the cessation of desire. End desire, end suffering. The solution for suffering is the Noble Eightfold Path. This is the remedy to cure suffering. Why does the Buddha condemn attachments, even between family members? Clinging to them is a source of suffering s

10 stages to becoming a Bodhisattva

“The concepts of Bodhisattvas and Arhats are essential in Buddhism” - Evaluate this view

2.6 the visualisation of Buddhas and Bodhisattvas

Pendidikan dan Pelatihan Agama Buddha Indonesia Bodhisattva

bodhisattvas

the bodhisattva

Study Guide for Unit Two Test Setup of test Multiple Choice (35) Short Answer (Choose 1 out of 3 options, use evidence in your response) Overarching questions for Unit Two ● What is civilization? How did it develop? What separates civilization from “alternatives” to that? ● What are the benefits or disadvantages of encounters among civilizations? ● How did technological advancement increase trade, and how did trade increase technological advancement? ● How did different religious and philosophical systems grow and spread in this time? ● What is the relationship in different locations between religions and politics with social stratification? ● How did gender roles in the community change during this period of history or vary from society to society? ● Compare and contrast societies of Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas Important Terms Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 Chapter 7 ● Confucianism ● Daoism ● Legalism ● Filial Piety ● Wen vs. Wu ● Daodejing ● Upanishads ● V edas ● Samsara ● Moksha ● Karma ● Laws of Manu ● Nirvana ● Theravada Buddhism ● Mahayana Buddhism ● Bodhisattvas ● Nalanda (TEXTBOOK) ● Confucian Civil Service Exam ● Social Stratification in China (life of peasants v. landlord class) ● Y ellow Turban Rebellion ● Caste & varna, social stratification ● Levels of caste (don’t need to know names, just groups) ● Jati ● Greek and ● Religion in Axum ● Coptic Christianity ● Trade in Axum ● Trade and agriculture in Niger River V alley ● Religion and political life in the Maya (ritual examples) ● Mayan innovations ● Collapse of the Maya ● Unique features of Teotihuacan ● Trade in Americas ● Social complexity in Oceania (TEXTBOOK) ● Importance of the Silk Road ● What dif civilizations bring to/want from Silk Road trade ● Role of pastoral people on Silk Road ● Dangers on Silk Road ● Gender roles and silk in China ● Importance of Silk ● Buddhism and Silk Road ● Islam and Silk Road ● Role of merchants in dif societies ● Disease and Silk Road ● Sea Road/India ● Malay sailors ● Junk ● Srivijaya ● Straits of Malacca ● Mahabarata, Ramayana, Bhagavad Gita ● Zoroastrianism ● Sassanid Dynasty ● Israel ● Hebrews ● Monotheism ● Socrates, Plato, Aristotle ● Greek Reason and its spread under Alexander the Great ● Compare and Contrast spread of Christianity and Buddhism Roman slavery ● European vs. Asian slavery ● Spartacus ● Gender roles in Rome ● Gender Roles in China ● Empress Wu ● Gender roles in Athens vs. Sparta ● Changes in Gender roles over time ● Khmer Angkor ● Angkor Wat ● Champa (TEXTBOOK) ● Borobudur ● Swahili ● Trans- Saharan Trade ● Ghana, Mali, Songhay ● Trade- Maya, Inca, Aztec ● Cahokia (TEXTBOOK) ● Trade differences in East, West, and Central Africa Important People ● Qin Shihuangdi ● Confucious ● Sidhartha Gautma/ the Buddha ● Compare/Contrast Jesus Christ and the Buddha ● Socrates, Plato, Aristotle ● Wu Di ● Wang Mang ● Empress Wu ● Aspasia ● Ashoka Important Concepts Chapter 4 1. What different answers to the problem of disorder arose in classical China? 2. Why has Confucianism been defined as a “humanistic philosophy” rather than a supernatural religion? 3. How did the Daoist outlook differ from that of Confucianism? 4. In what ways did the religious traditions of South Asia change over the centuries? 5. In what ways did Buddhism reflect Hindu traditions, and in what ways did it challenge them? 6. What is the difference between the Theravada and Mahayana expressions of Buddhism? 7. What new emphases characterized Hinduism as it responded to the challenge of Buddhism? 8. What aspects of Zoroastrianism and Judaism were similar and different? 9. What was distinctive about the Jewish religious tradition? 10. What are the distinctive features of the Greek intellectual tradition? 11. How would you compare the lives and teachings of Jesus and the Buddha? In what different ways did the two religions evolve after the deaths of their founders? 12. In what ways was Christianity transformed in its first several centuries? Chapter 5 1. How would you characterize the social hierarchy of China during the second-wave era? 2. What class conflicts disrupted Chinese society? 3. What set of ideas underlies India’s caste-based society? 4. What is the difference between varna and jati as expressions of caste? 5. How did the inequalities of slavery differ from those of caste? 6. How did Greco-Roman slavery differ from that of other classical civilizations? 7. In what ways did the expression of Chinese patriarchy change over time, why did it change? 8. How did the patriarchies of Athens and Sparta differ from each other? Chapter 6 1. What similarities and differences are noticeable among the major continents of the world? 2. How did the history of Meroë and Axum reflect interaction with neighboring civilizations? 3. How does the experience of the Niger Valley challenge conventional notions of “civilization”? 4. With what Eurasian civilizations might the Maya be compared? 5. In what ways did T eotihuacán shape the history of Mesoamerica? 6. What was the significance of Wari and Tiwanaku in the history of Andean civilization? Chapter 7 1. What lay behind the emergence of Silk Road commerce, and what kept it going for so many centuries? 2. What made silk such a highly desired commodity across Eurasia? 3. What were the major economic, social, and cultural consequences of Silk Road commerce? 4. What accounted for the spread of Buddhism along the Silk Roads? 5. What was the impact of disease along the Silk Roads? 6. What lay behind the flourishing of Indian Ocean commerce in the postclassical millennium? 7. In what ways did Indian influence register in Southeast Asia? 8. What was the role of Swahili civilization in the world of Indian Ocean commerce? 9. What changes did trans-Saharan trade bring to West Africa? 10. In what ways did networks of interaction in the Western Hemisphere differ from those in the Eastern Hemisphere

Ethics Bodhisattvas exam

Chapter 23: Indian and Southeast Asian Art

禱千手觀音歌 (도천수관음가) To Ch’ŏnsu Kwanǔn ka Prayer to Kwanum Bodhisattva with one thousand eyes and hands