unit 5 hist test

explain the compromise of 1850 and who wrote it

Henry Clay; slave trade abolished in DC+no new slave laws in New Mexico

describe the K-N act and by who/what yr

Douglass 1854;split into two territories+slavery decided by popular sovereignty, leading to conflicts- Bleeding Kansas

describe bleeding kansas

5,00 Missourians voted illegally for slavery in Kansas + mob in Lawrence Kansas

Briefly describe who John Brown is and what he did

extreme abolitionist who attacked and killed 5 people who were pro slavery known as the Pottawatomie massacre+the harpers ferry

Describe the Dred Scott v Sanford case and what it established

Dred Scott became a free man and sued for freedom but was named a non citizen for being an AA; established guarenteed property rights and ruled that Congress had no power to regulate slavery in the territories.

Describe Abrahams election in 1858

ran for Douglas’ senate seat in 1858, lost but became a nation force

describe Ab’s 1860 election

Ab won as a candidate for President against Breckenridge annd Douglas+first Republican President

What will Ab say he will do and won’t do in his first inagural address?

he says he will do nothing to abolish slavery in the south, but will stop it from traveling west; resupply union forts in the south

who is the first state to secede from the union and when?

South Carolina; December 20th 1860

When were all the Confederate States formed and who was the first president?

February 1861; Jefferson Davis

When did the Civil War begin, briefly describe it

april 12, 1861, Fort Sumter Charleston, South Carolina; South attacked the North, none injured

How many Confederate and Union states?

24 Union states and 11 Confederate states.

What is the def of border states

Slave states that remained in the Union

What were the 4 border states, and which one is not a border state?

Deleware,Missouri,Kentucky, Maryland; West Virginia is not a border state.

What were the main Northern strengths?

22 mil. population, industrial capacity, railroads, and naval power, Ab Lincoln

primarily, what were the Southern strengths?

Robert E. Lee, defensive war, more motivated to win

What were the two main battles prior to Gettysburg?

Fredericksburg, VA and Chancellorsville, VA

What were other battles that happened?

Battle of Bull run, Battle of Shiloh, Fall of New Orleans, Antitem

Give two examples of technology used during the civil war

landmines, observation balloons

What is rifling?

Gun barrels with spiral grooves that are 2x deadly

What are Minie Balls?

a led bullet

What is an Ironclad?

A type of warship covered with iron plating for protection

2 Important life changing technologies reintroduced at that time?

Railroads and Telegraphs

What was the Emancipation Proclamation primarily about?

The Emancipation Proclamation was about the abolition of slavery in the Confederate states declaring all slaves in those territories to be free

Summary of The Battle of Gettysburg

Lee planned to march his army to DC, but was met with 90,000 Union troops at Gettysburg, resulting in a significant turning point for the Union

Who was elected in 1864?

Ab was re-elected

brief summary of Shermans Total war

military strategy employed by General William Tecumseh Sherman, aimed at destroying the South's territory, splitting it in half

What is Shermans Total War also known as?

“Sherman’s March to Sea”

When did the Confederates surrender?

April 9, 1865

briefly describe the surrender

Grant offers very generous terms to Lee; happened in the Wilmer Mclean house; 620,00 died

what was the 13th Amendment?

passed Emancipation proclamation

What was the 14th Amendment

equal protection under all law for all citizens (excludes AA)

What is the 15th Amendment

right to vote for all men including AA

When was Lincoln assassinated and by who?

Abraham Lincoln was assassinated on April 14, 1865, by John Wilkes Booth.

What were the percentages of the economy pre and post war?

30 % of US economy pre 12% post

What was the definition of Reconstruction?

process of re-admitting confederate states back to the union

What was the time range of reconstruction?

1860-1877

What was Freedmans Bureau?

developed schools and hospitals for newly freed slaves in the South, providing assistance and advocating for their rights.

What were Scalawags?

Southern Republicans

What were Carpetbaggers?

Northern Democrats

What were the two main agricultural roles that newly freed slaves who were in poverty take part in?

Contract Systems + Sharecropping

What was the KKK?

secret racist group that used terror to maintain white supremacy and oppose Reconstruction efforts

3 positives of the Legacy of Reconstruction

1. Nation did rebuild and reunite

2. 14 and 15 amendments would provide basis for future

3. civil rights legislation

3 negatives of the Legacy of Reconstruction

1. African Americans will not achieve equality

2. Racism controlled in the South

3. AA could legally vote- most couldn’t due to unchecked violence