Systems Path II Exam 2 - Vagina (pg 20-26)

vagina extends from

vulva to cervix

the vagina is a rare site for primary pathology, but a site for _____ or _____

infection or CA metastasis

rare congenital condition -> absence of vaginal development ; treated by surgery

agenesis

congenital condition -> abnormal narrowing or closure of vaginal canal ; treated by self dilation or surgery

atresia

congenital anomaly that inappropriately divides the vagina

septate vagina/vaginal septum

condition in which there is a wall of tissue running horizontally across the vagina

transverse vaginal septum

signs/symptoms of transverse vaginal septum

no monthly periods, periods that last longer, abdominal pain

congenital disorder which occurs when two parts that normally fuse together to create the vagina don't join together properly during development

complete vaginal septum

symptoms of complete vaginal septum

pain when inserting/removing tampon, menstruating blood that leaks out even when using tampon, pain during intercourse

MC gynecological condition characterized by vaginal inflammation

vaginitis

MC types of vaginitis

bacterial infection, yeast infections, trichomoniasis,

signs/symptoms of vaginitis

leukorrhea, pain during sex/urination, itching

risks associated with developing vaginitis

diabetes, recent antibiotic use, immunodeficiency, recent abortion/miscarriage, STI

symptoms of vaginal CA

unusual bleeding, watery discharge, lump/mass, painful/frequent urination, constipation, pelvic pain

vaginal CA risk factors

age, vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia, multiple sexual partners, early age at first intercourse, smoking, HIV

80% of cancer discovered in the vagina are....

metastatic tumors

MC vaginal cancer which begins in thin, flat cells that line the surface of the vagina

vaginal SCC

vaginal SCC is MC in who?

elderly

vaginal SCC is associated with what?

HPV 16 & 18 and vaginal intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN)

what type of vaginal cancer begins in the glandular cells of the surface of the vagina and is very rare?

vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma

vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma signs and symptoms

very rare, red/granular foci

vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma affects women who had exposure to ______________

diethylstilbestrol (DES)

who has an increased risk for vaginal clear cell adenocarcinoma?

born before 1971 (40x increased risk)

what type of vaginal cancer develops in melanocytes?

vaginal melanoma

what type of vaginal cancer is rare, characterized by a soft/polypoid mass, and develops in connective tissue or muscle cells in the vaginal walls?

vaginal sarcoma botryoides

who is vaginal sarcoma botryoides found in?

young girls

vaginal sarcoma botryoides is associated with what?

embryonal/pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma

complications associated with vaginal CA

may spread to distant areas such as lungs, liver and bones