Class 1

BSI

body substance isolation

PENMAN

personal safety

environmental hazards

number of patients

mechanism and nature of illness

additional resources

need for c-spine/extrication

ABC

airway (open, maintainable, clear)

breathing (rate, quality, depth) 12-20

circulation (cap refill less than 2 sec)

ALS

advanced life support

POWR

position of comfort

oxygen (high flow)

warmth

rapid transport

OPQRST

onset (sudden, chronic, gradual)

provocation (better/worse)

quality (sting, ache…)

radiation (where does it hurt)

severity (1-10)

time

PMSC

pulse (bilateral)

motor (can u move…)

sensory (can u feel…)

circulation (cap refill)

radial

wrist pulse

SAMPLE

signs/symptoms (feel something I cant see?)

allergies (drug/meds)

medications (what u taking)

past medications (3-5 yr span)

last intake (cycle, food, bowel)

events leading up to illness

GMC

general impression (age, sex, AVPU)

mental status (person, place, time, event)

chief complaint

AVPU

alert

verbal

pain

unconscious

NSAID (c-spine)

neuro problems

spinal sensitivity

altered mental state

intoxication

distracting injury

Blood

direct pressure → gauze → tourniquet

Tourniquet placement

2-4 inches above and below wound

dont put on joints

want no pulse

put time and initials (2 hrs max)

arterial

bright red

squirting

oxygenated

away from heart

venous

dark red

oozing

deoxygenated

to heart

splint

BSI → manual stabilization → check PMSC → measure uninjured arm and roll up to hand → gauze above and below injury → check PMSC again → tie around arm and neck → tie around body → check PMSC again

traction splint

BSI → manual stabilization/little traction pull → PMSC → measure length on normal leg → go to injured leg and under knee and strap above hip and on ankle (no pole) → 15% body weight and pull → strap thigh, knee, ankle (w/ pole) → check PMSC

3 signs in pulse

rate, strength, rthym

if regular pulse

count # of beats in 15 sec x4

if irregular pulse

count # of beats in 30 sec x2 or 60 sec