Periodic Table - Unit 2
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29 Terms
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Periodic Law
elements, when listed in order of their increasing atomic numbers (originally, atomic weights), fall into recurring groups, so that elements with similar properties occur at regular intervals
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Arrangement of Modern Periodic Table
increasing order of the atomic number
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Henry Moseley
Physicist; Created the arrangement of the modern periodic table
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# of natural elements
90 natural elements; rest are man made
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Dmiitri Mendeleev
Russian chemist called the father of the periodic table; arranged the elements according to the increasing atomic mass/weight and created the Periodic Law
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Periods
name of horizontal rows on periodic table (7)
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Families/Groups
Vertical columns on a periodic table (18)
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S-Block elements
Groups 1 and 2
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P-block elements
Groups 13-18
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Main group/representative elements
p-block and s-block elements
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d-block elements
groups 3-12
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Transition metals
d-block elements
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inner transition metals
f-block elements
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Alkali metals
group 1
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Alkaline Earth metals
group 2
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Boron family
group 13
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Carbon family
Group 14
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Nitrogen family
Group 15
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Chalcogens
Group 16
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Halogens
Group 17
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Noble gases
Group 18
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Elements in same family/group
Similar chemical and physical properties; elements will behave similarly
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Metals
All elements left to the staircase (B, Sl, As, Te, At, Uuo); ductile, usually solid (can be liquid), good conductors for heat and electricity, shiny (luster), and malleable
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Metalloids (semimetals)
All elements composing the staircase (B, Sl, As, Te, At, and Sb and Ge); Tend to be solids, metallic luster (appear like metals), brittle/fragile, can conduct energy (not as well as metals), chemically more similar to nonmetals than metals
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Nitrogen
Makes up 78% of the air
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Oxygen
Must abundant element in the earth's crust
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Electron
subatomic particle that determines the properties of an element
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Nonmetals
Nonmalleable, not ductile, appear in all states of matter, bad conductors of electricity and heat, also are not shiny; right of staircase (also includes hydrogen)
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Moseley's Law
systemic relation between wavelength and atomic number